NOTES ON FISHING METHODS OF THE SOUTH SEAS. 827 
ness of planking, 14 to 2 inches; outrigger float, 93 feet long and 84 feet 
distant from the side of canoe; crosspieces of frame, 30 inches apart; 
length of platform on outrigger frame, 7 feet; stanchions connecting 
crosspieces to the float, 15 inches high, 4on each, and carved at the top. 
It will be noticed that the outrigger float, framework, and platform 
vary slightly from the Marshall Island canoe. The built-up platform 
on the lee side is also different in detail and like the canoe of Rongelab 
is covered with a thatched roof. The sail plan and rig is practically 
the same as the sailing canoes in the Marshall Islands. Mat sails are 
still used, of the same material as in all parts of the South Seas where 
cotton has not been introduced. A rudder 4$ feet long, 10 inches 
wide, and 2 inches thick is used instead of a paddle for steering. It is 
detachable and is shifted from end to end of the canoe when a tack is 
Canoes on Beach, Truk Group. 
made. It is held in position by a wooden pin against which the top 
part rests. Round the pin and head of the rudder is a grommet to 
prevent it from slipping down. 
In the village four canoes were building. One had recently been 
worked on; the others were covered with matting, no work having been 
performed on them for at least several weeks. Probably the war had 
something to do with the suspension of labor, not only on the canoes, 
but with almost everything else. A dozen or more small canoes were 
about the ship most of the time, manned by half-naked people, whose 
bodies and faces were decorated with native paint, presenting a bar- 
barie picture. These canoes are ornamented at the bow and stern 
with carved pieces of wood on the order of a gondola. The stanchions 
on the outrigger are carved at the top; they are much longer than 
seems necessary, but without the extra length and the decorations the 
canoe would not be considered by the natives as finished. 
