42 ETHNOBOTANY OF THE ZUXI INDIANS iKTn. ANN. ."iO 



which the four sections arc Uiid buck, tlio Hups to be rcstoi'cil to jJiico 

 after the missile is extracted. 



'Wliile powdered pifioii gum {Pinus e(]^llis Engchn.) is in general 

 use as an antiseptic, the Zuiii employ other plants also for this pur- 

 pose. As these could be procured only in the form of powder and 

 in very small quantities, analysis was not possible. Doctor Matthews 

 observed a Zuiii Indian cleanse a wound with a decoction of red 

 willow; the wound healed in a short time. 



Achillea lanulosa 'Nuit. Yarrow. C'AKduace.e. Tliistle family. 

 Ha'tsenawe, 'cold leaf ' (ha<}ia'li, leaf; tse'nawe, cold). 



The leaves of this plant are said to produce a cooler sensation, 

 when applied to the skin, than tliose of any other plant. 



Such fraternity men as manipidate ^\■itll fii'e chew the blossoms 

 and root of this plant and rub the mixture on their limbs and chests 

 previous to passing Uve coals over tlieir bodies. The same mixture, 

 in Uquid form, is employed for batliing the bodies of those who dance 

 in fire, and is placed in the mouth before taking Uve coals into it.' 

 Wlien employed for the above ]:)ur]iose the plant is the exclusive 

 property of the secret fraternities wliich jierform with fire. 



The entire plant ground and mixed ^^-ith cold water is applied to 

 burns. Wlien thus used the medicine is common property. 



Achillea was known to the ancients. Pliny states that tlie generic term, AiJiillea, 

 was named for Achilles, a physician who was one of the first to use a species of tliis 

 plant as a vulnerary. Yarrow is sold by the native herbalists of India, like rosemary, 

 where it is used as a bitter and in medicated vapor l>aths for fevers (Dymock). The 

 Italians employed it in intermittent fcver.s, and in the Scottish highlands it is made 

 into an ointment for wounds. According to I.ininnis the DalecarUans used it as a sub- 

 stitute for hops in the making of ale, lieUeving it to impart to it intoxicating qualities. 

 Both Stahl and Haller used this plant extensively.^ 



Artemisia frigida Willd. Wormwood. Carduace,e. Tliistle 



famil3^ 

 To'shoeha'chilcta, 'seeds leaf sweet' (to'shoe, seeds; JM<ha'li, 

 leaf; cTii'Tcla, sweet). 

 Tliis plant, wliich belongs to the people in general, is made into a 

 tea and drunk warm as a remedy for colds. 



Artemisia UTightii A. Gray. Wormwood. 

 Hci'lo Ma'we, 'ant seeds' Qid'lo, ant; Mn'we, seeds). 

 The plant is held downward over a bowl of live coals wiiile the 

 maker of medicine-water of tiie Ant fraternity (the only person 

 privileged to administer this medicine) rubs off the seeds upon the 

 coals. During the process the patient stands nude, astride the boM'l, 

 with head bent and tlie entire body covered ^\•ith blankets. Tliis 

 sweat-bath is administered to relieve pains through the body caused 



' See isd Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. FJhn., p. -107. n'hen present at Are ceremonies the WTit«r noted tliat 

 live coals were held in the mouth thirty to sixty seconds. 

 ' King, ^mfr. Disp., 1898, vol. I, p. 19. 



