boas] TSIMSHIAX SOCIETY 507 



The G'ispawadwE'da used hats representing bear and killer whale. 

 They painted their faces with designs representing the rainbow, sun, 

 and moon. 



In war, members of the Eagle group would wear an eagle helmet 

 and a beaver armor, or a weasel helmet and halibut armor. Mem- 

 bers of the Wolf group would wear a crane helmet and dripping-snow 

 armor, or a grizzly-bear or wolf-tail helmet and a white she-bear 

 armor. Members of the Ganha'da used a raven helmet and starfish 

 armor, or a frog helmet and bullhead armor. Members of the 

 G'ispawadwE'da would wear a grizzly-bear helmet and killer-whale 

 armor, or a mountain-goat helmet and moon or snow armor. 1 



The groups had each their own traditions, from winch they derived 

 the right to use their crests, and other privileges. A list of these has 

 been given on p. 411. 



Names were the strict property of these groups, and ordinarily a 

 boy would be given the name of his mother's mother's brother (mean- 

 ing by " brother" a male of the same family and of the grandmother's 

 generation); a girl, that of her maternal grandmother (meaning by 

 this term all the females <>f that generation and family). The names 

 used by the group differ according to the group to which an individ- 

 ual's father belongs, and are descriptive of some of the character- 

 istics of the crests of the father's group, although the names are the 

 property of the mother's group. This would mean that in each 

 group there is a separate set of names used in cases of intermarriage 

 with any particular one of the other three groups. I tried to 

 obtain a corroboration of this statement from Mr. Tate with new 

 examples; but he merely replied to my query that the statement 

 is correct. In the available names I can not readily recognize ref- 

 erences to the father's clan. 2 Mr. Adam 3 has misunderstood my 

 statement, if he assumes that the name belongs to the father's 

 clan. What I have been told is that each clan owns names, that 

 these refer to other exogamic groups, and that a name owned by the 

 mother's clan, anil referring in its meaning to the father's exogamic 

 group, is selected. I have collected the following names: 



1. Names belonging to Eagle group: 



(a) Father belonging to Wolf group: 



DEm-de-ma'ksk (will be white). Female. 



(b) Father belonging to Ganha'da: 



Wa-n-lo'°tk (without nest). Male. 



' In the description of headdresses, helmets, and armor, I have enumerated only those mentioned by 

 my informant, Mr. Tate. There were obviously others in use. 

 = See footnote 1, p. 500. 

 > Adam, p. 207. 



