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MESSRS. C. SHEARER, W. DE MORGAN, AND H. M. FUCHS 



For the two characters considered the crosses with E. miliaria $ I'emained as 

 before, while those with E. miliaris ^ reversed their inheritance. In 1909-11 these 

 characters were always inherited through the female germ cells, Init in 1912 there 

 was usually a dominance of the E. esculentus and E. acutus characters (presence of 

 posterior ciliated epaulettes and absence of green pigment masses) over the 

 E. miliarifi characters (absence of posterior ciliated epaulettes and presence of green 

 pigment masses). 



Below is given a table showing this change in inheritance : — 



Pure Forms. 



Hybrids. 



The exceptional cases found in 1912 are of two types. The first is the case in the 

 cross E. miliaris^ X E. esculentus ($ , where some of the larvae inherited both 

 characters from the female parent, and others had both from the male. It might 

 appear at first sight as if this could be accounted for by fertilization by sperm from 

 two different individuals, or that some of the eggs had not been cross-fertilized at 

 all, but had been accidentally fertilized by sperm of the same species. These 

 suggestions are, however, ruled out of court, since, as in all the experiments 

 described, proper controls of unfertilized eggs were kept, and moreover, never more 

 than one individual of each sex was used in a given experiment. 



The second type, which occurred three times, and each time with a different cross, 

 brings out several points of interest. In the first place, the two characters are not 

 bound to be inherited from the same parent, although this happens in the general 

 majority of cases. For some individuals inherited the absence of green pigment from 

 one parent and the absence of posterior epaulettes from the other. The characters 

 ai'e thus of the nature of unit characters and are independent of one another. 

 Again, there appeared the remarkable type of mosaic hybrid, in which an epaulette 

 was present on one side of the body, through one parent, and absent on the other 



