riiOCEEDIXGS OF THE THIRD ENTOMOLOGICAL MEETING 633 



surface of leaves of tea, Cleijera ochracea, and other unknown shrubs, 

 but the female often occurs on the twigs or trunks. 



Though occurring rather commonly in Formosa, I have never seen 

 this insect in injurious numbers, but it is beHeved by the natives 

 that this pest occasionally injures the leaves so severely that there 

 come almost entirely no crops from an area in the Shinko district of 

 Taihoku Cho. In this district the fresh patches of snowy- white male 

 puparia are usually seen twice in a year, one in May and the other in 

 October. 



No. 9. — Icerya cegijpiaca, Dougl. {Egyjpt-Watahaigaramushi.) 



JSfo. 10.— Icerya seychellarum, West.=okadae, Kuwana {Okada- 

 Watafukikaigaramushi.) 

 These two species are sometimes found on the twigs of the tea-plant, 

 but I have never seen these insects in injurious numbers, while orange- 

 trees are sometimes attacked seriously by the latter species so that the 

 growing of the plant is quite retarded or the twigs entirely withered. 



All the above four scale insects are fairly easily controlled by means 

 of spraying with resin-mixture or lime-sulphur, whenever the insects 

 are in the stage of larvae or young imagines. 



No. 11. — Icerya purchasi, Mask. {Watafukikaigaramushi.) 

 This Cottony Cushion Scale-insect has been unfortunately imported 

 from probably Australia in the year 1902, and then it gradually in- 

 creased in number and became distributed to a large extent. In the 

 year 1907 it was distributed all over the districts surrounding the city 

 of Taihoku. Afterwards the insect spread through the other districts 

 of Taihoku-Cho, and its injuries were a very serious matter to orange- 

 cultivators and others, but such an occurrence was naturally controlled 

 with the introduction of Novius cardinalis from Honolulu and New 

 Zealand. Up to the present time, it is well known that this pest attacks 

 about sixty kinds of plants and also the tea-plant, but the damage done 

 to the latter is not noticed by anyone. 



No. 12. — Emjwasca flavescens, Fab. (Usuba-Himeyokobai, or Chano- 

 Midoriyokobai. ) 

 This small fly is commonly found in the tea-districts in May or June 

 in somewhat injurious numbers, and it always attacks the under surface 

 of the leaves. In every year the damage done by this insect is almost 

 always about thirty or forty per cent, of the usual crop in a small area 

 of the plantation, but never through a large area or whole district. It 

 is also injurious to sugar-cane, orange-tree, and mulberry-tree, and this 

 last is sometimes seriously damaged by a swarm of this pest. In the 



