﻿242 
  On 
  Acrcdula 
  caudata 
  and 
  allied 
  Forms. 
  

  

  5. 
  AcREDULA 
  TEPHRONOTA 
  (Guiitlier) 
  lesembles 
  A. 
  irbii, 
  

   differing 
  only 
  in 
  having 
  a 
  large 
  blackish 
  patch 
  on 
  the 
  

   centre 
  of 
  the 
  throat. 
  

   Hab. 
  Tuikey 
  in 
  Europe, 
  Asia 
  Minor, 
  ranging 
  into 
  

  

  Turkestan 
  and 
  Persia. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  Dr. 
  Radde 
  (^ 
  Ornis 
  Caucasica,^ 
  p. 
  144) 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  from 
  Tiflis 
  and 
  the 
  sources 
  of 
  the 
  Schamchor 
  differ 
  

   from 
  typical 
  A. 
  tephronota, 
  and 
  he 
  describes 
  and 
  figures 
  

   this 
  form 
  under 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  Acredula 
  tephronota, 
  var. 
  lyiajor. 
  

   I 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  o.ble 
  to 
  procure 
  a 
  specimen 
  of 
  this 
  bird 
  for 
  

   comparison, 
  and 
  am 
  therefore 
  unable 
  to 
  say 
  whether 
  it 
  can 
  

   be 
  considered 
  a 
  valid 
  subspecies. 
  There 
  is, 
  however, 
  a 
  Tit- 
  

   mouse 
  from 
  Kuban 
  in 
  the 
  Caucasus, 
  viz. 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  C. 
  Acredula 
  caucasica, 
  Lorenz 
  [Mecistura 
  irbyi, 
  subsp. 
  cau- 
  

   casica, 
  Lorenz, 
  Beitr. 
  orn. 
  Faun. 
  Nord. 
  Kaukasus, 
  p. 
  60, 
  

   Nachtrag, 
  1887), 
  which 
  is 
  specifically 
  distinct. 
  This 
  

   species, 
  of 
  which 
  I 
  possess 
  one 
  specimen 
  from 
  Kuban, 
  

   has 
  the 
  back 
  grey, 
  like 
  A. 
  irbii 
  and 
  A. 
  tephronota, 
  but 
  

   lacks 
  the 
  blackish 
  patch 
  which 
  the 
  latter 
  has 
  on 
  the 
  

   throat, 
  though 
  there 
  are 
  a 
  few 
  pale 
  blackish 
  markings 
  

   on 
  the 
  lower 
  throat. 
  It 
  may, 
  however, 
  be 
  readily 
  dis- 
  

   tinguished 
  by 
  having 
  the 
  forehead 
  j)ale 
  brownish 
  and 
  

   the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  crown 
  brown 
  instead 
  of 
  black. 
  It 
  would 
  

   appear 
  from 
  Dr. 
  Radde's 
  remarks 
  (Orn. 
  Cauc. 
  p. 
  143) 
  

   that 
  it 
  is 
  this 
  species 
  to 
  which 
  he 
  refers 
  under 
  the 
  name 
  

   of 
  Acredula 
  caudata. 
  

   Hab. 
  The 
  northern 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  Caucasus. 
  

  

  I 
  may 
  here 
  remark 
  that 
  Dr. 
  Gadow 
  (Cat. 
  B. 
  Brit. 
  Mus. 
  

   viii. 
  p. 
  62) 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  Japanese 
  Long-tailed 
  Titmouse, 
  

   A. 
  trivirgata 
  (Temm.), 
  differs 
  from 
  Acredula 
  rosea 
  in 
  having 
  

   the 
  brownish-black 
  band 
  on 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  crown 
  in 
  adult 
  

   specimens 
  extending 
  over 
  the 
  loral 
  and 
  nasal 
  region 
  ; 
  but 
  in 
  

   the 
  series 
  I 
  have 
  before 
  me 
  this 
  character 
  does 
  not 
  hold 
  good, 
  

   as 
  in 
  no 
  specimen 
  does 
  the 
  black 
  extend 
  over 
  these 
  parts. 
  

   The 
  only 
  differences 
  I 
  can 
  detect 
  between 
  Acredula 
  trivirgata 
  

   and 
  A. 
  rosea 
  are 
  that 
  the 
  former 
  is 
  smaller 
  than 
  the 
  latter, 
  

   tlie 
  wing 
  measuring 
  2*2, 
  as 
  against 
  2'35, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  black 
  

  

  