Vol. IX] 



SMITH— CLIMATIC RELATIONS 



131 



O 



fa 

 I— I 



X 

 H 



O 



w 



o 

 fa 



o 



I 



Pecten caurinus 



Argobuccinum 



Miopleionia 



Phacoides annulatus . 

 Dwarf Venericardia . . . 



Ficus 



Giant Area 



Lyropecten 



Janira 



Pecten healeyi 



Trophon 



Giant Turritella 



Chione (gnidia group) . 



Trachycardium 



Dosinia 



Astrodapsis 



Dendraster gibbsi 



Clypeaster 



Mellita 



Lyropecten 



Janira 



Giant Area 



Dosinia 



Giant Turritella 



Ficus 



Dendraster gibbsi 



Chione (gnidia group) . 



Clypeaster 



Mellita 



Encope 



Astraeidae 



S^ 



+ 



+ 



+ 





IS .2 



>3s 





+ 



O 

 O 



b 

 o 

 o 

 o 

 o 

 + 



+ 

 o 

 o 



+ 

 o 



+ 

 + 

 + 

 + 

 + 

 + 



+ 



+ 

 + 



It will be seen from the table, and the lists included in this 

 paper, that Patinopecten {Pecten caurinus), dwarf Veneri- 

 cardia, giant Chrysodomus, Phacoides annulatus, and Miople- 

 ionia are northern types, appearing first in the northern region, 

 making their way southward as the temperature was lowered, 

 all reaching southern California in the lower Pliocene. 

 Miopleionia perished there, but the others continued to live on 

 until the present, holding out in their northern home, where 

 the proper temperature for them still prevails. 



On the other hand, giant Venericardia, giant Conns, giant 

 Turritella, Chione of the gnidia group, Dosinia, Lyropecten 

 and Ficus are southern, tropical, types. They doubtless ap- 

 peared first in the south, but ranged far to the north in early 

 Tertiary times. Giant Venericardia has found no dwelling 

 place north of the tropics since Eocene; giant Turritella has 



