146 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Sek. 



pods mostly living now in the Klamath Lakes in southern Ore- 

 gon; also a small flora of species now living in the Klamath 

 Mountains of northern California. This region is more than 

 300 miles to the north, and about 4000 feet higher than the 

 ancient Santa Clara lakes. It is safe to assume that the tem- 

 perature of the land and the sea during the Santa Clara epoch 

 was as cool as it now is in the latitude of Cape Mendocino. 



The Santa Clara beds overlie the Merced, and are the prob- 

 able equivalent of the marine Santa Barbara formation of 

 southern California. 



Santa Maria faunal zone (north of Point Conception, in 

 the Santa Maria embayment, Santa Barbara County, lat. 35° 

 N.). Area trilineata Con., Cardium meekaniini Gabb, Clidio- 

 phora punctata Carp., Dosinia ponderosa Gray, Glycimeris coa- 

 lingensis Arn., Modiolus rectus Gld., Mya truncata L., Ostrea 

 veatchi Gabb, Panomya ampla Dall, Peeten cf. eerrosensis Gabb, 

 Pecten etehegoini And., Peeten hastatus Sby., Peeten healeyi 

 Arn., Pecten hemphilli Dall, Pecten lazvsoni Arn., Pecten oiveni 

 Am,, Pecten stearnsi Dall, Pecten wattsi Arn., Paphia staleyi 

 Gabb, Paphia tenerrima Carp., Phacoides annulatus Rv., 

 Thracia trapezoidea Con., Venericardia calif ornica Dall, Argo- 

 buccinum oregonense Redf., Bathytoma carpenteriana Gabb, 

 Cancellaria rapa Nomland, Cancellaria tritonidea Gabb, Chrys- 

 odomus portolaensis Arn., Crepidula princeps Con., Gyrineum 

 elsmerense Eng., Miopleionia oregonensis Dall, Nassa cali- 

 forniana Con., Nassa moraniana Martin, Trochita radians 

 Lam., Terebratalia occidentalis Dall, Dendraster ashleyi Am. 



This fauna contains a mixture of Fernando (southern) and 

 Purisima-Wildcat (northern) species. It was the northern 

 limit of Ostrea veatchi, Janira, Cancellaria tritonidea, and 

 Gyrineum elsmerense. It was the southern limit of Cardium 

 meekanum, Glycimeris coalingensis, Paphia staleyi, Nassa 

 calif orniana, Nassa moraniana, and Miopleionia oregonensis. 



It lacks: Ficus, Lyropecten, and Astrodapsis, which are 

 characteristic of the more southerly contemporaneous Fer- 

 nando. The temperature was probably a little warmer than 

 that of the present Santa Barbara Channel (62° F. min.), and 

 a little cooler than the present temperature south of Cerros 

 Island (68° F. min.), which would make it approximately 

 64° F. Of the whole fauna 44% are extinct, and 56% living. 



