Vol. IX] SMITH— CLIMATIC RELATIONS 147 



The age is that of the Fernando and the Purisima, upper part of 

 lower Pliocene. At the base of the Santa Maria beds there 

 occurs an horizon with the Etcheg-oin-Jacalitos fauna, includ- 

 ing Pec ten estrellanus, and Pecten coaUngensis. 



Etchegoin-J acalitos. This fauna is found in the San Benito 

 Valley, and on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, south 

 of San Francisco Bay, also at the bottom of the Fernando sec- 

 tion of the Santa Maria embayment in Santa Barbara County. 

 F. M. Anderson^", who first described the Etchegoin, assigned 

 it to Pliocene, while R. Arnold", who later published an account 

 of both Etchegoin and Jacalitos, placed them in the upper Mio- 

 cene. Dr. J. C. Merriam^^ correlates both Jacalitos and Etche- 

 goin with Pliocene, basing his determination upon the relations 

 of their vertebrate faunas with those of the continental Pliocene. 



The recent study of the Etchegoin fauna by J. M. Nomland* 

 places it beyond doubt that the Etchegoin and Jacalitos are 

 practically identical, and that the joint fauna is Pliocene. There 

 can also be little doubt that a portion of the Etchegoin overlaps 

 with the Purisima. Collections by F. M. Anderson, R. Arnold, 

 W. H. Ochsner, J. M. Nomland, and many others, have yielded 

 the following fauna, along with many others not listed : Den- 

 draster gibbsi Gabb, Dendraster perrini Weaver, Astrodapsis 

 peltoides And. & Mart., Area trilineata Con., Cardium coosense 

 Dall, Cardium quadrigenarium Con., Chione clsmerensis Eng., 

 Chione securis Shum., Cryptomya ovalis Con., Dosinia jacali- 

 tosana Arn., Glycimeris coaUngensis Arn., Modiolus directus 

 Dall, Mulinia densata Con., Mytilus coaUngensis Arn., Ostrea 

 atwoodi Gabb, Ostrea veatchi Gabb, Ostrea vesp(frtina Con., 

 Panopea generosa Gld., Paphia staminea Con., Paphia tener- 

 rima Carp., Pecten cerrosensis Gabb, Pecten coaUngensis Arn., 

 Pecten estrellanus Con., Pecten etchegoini And., Pecten healeyi 

 Arn., Pecten nutteri Am., Pecten omeni Am., Pecten proteus 

 Nomland, Phacoides annulatus Rv., Placunanomia calif ornica 

 Arn., Schizothoeriis pajaroanus Con., Spisula alharia Con., 

 Spisula coaUngensis Arn., Thracia trapezoidea Con., Zirphcea 

 dentata Gabb, Cancellaria rapa Nomland, Bathytoma carpen- 

 teriana Gabb, Bathytoma coalingaensis Arn.. CalUstoma coa- 



" A Stratigraphic Study in the Mount Diablo Range of California. <Proc Calif 

 Acad. Sci. 3d Ser. Geol. Vol. 2, No. 2 (1905). 



"Paleont. Coalinga District. Bull. 396, U. S. Geol. Survey (1909). 



" Tertiary Vertebrate Faunas of the North Coalinga Region of California. <Trans. 

 Amer. Phil. Soc. n. s. Vol. 22, Pt. 3 (1915), p. 29. 



