Vol. IX] SMITH— CLIMATIC RELATIONS 151 



by Ralph Arnold", is as follows : Dendraster excentricus Esch., 

 Terehratalia hemphilli Dall, Terehratalia smithi Arn., Marcia 

 subdiaphana Con., Panopea generosa Gld., Pecten caurinus 

 Gld., Pecten bellus Con., Pecten hastatus Sby., Pecten hericeus 

 Gould, Pecten jordani Arn., Pecten opuntia Dall, Pecten 

 stearnsi Dall, Thracia trapezoidea Con., Thyasira bisecta Con., 

 Venericardia barbarensis Con., Vcnericardia ventricosa Gld., 

 Argobuccinum oregonense Redf., Chrysodomus tabniatiis 

 Baird, Crepidida princeps Con., Fusus barbarensis Trask, 

 Natica clansa B. & S., Pisania fortis Carp., Solariella peramor 

 bills Carp., Tritono fusus rectirostris Carp., Trophon (Boreo- 

 trophon) gracilis Perry, Trophon (B.) stuarti Smith, Turris 

 smithi Arn., Turritella jeivetti Carp. 



A census of the entire fauna shows about 15% extinct, and 

 85% living-. The character is decidedly northern, with many 

 Puget Sound types such as Pecten caurinus, Tritonofusus, and 

 Chrysodomus, but with the southern Janira still persisting-. The 

 temperature was cooler than the present, and probably about 

 the same as that of Puget Sound. 



San Diego. This faunal zone, too, has been variously named, 

 San Diego, Merced, and Fernando ; but while it is the equiva- 

 lent of the Merced, it is not synonymous with Fernando, and 

 the name given by W. H. Dall" antedates the others. The 

 formation is especially well developed at San Diego, Pacific 

 Beach, San Pedro, Los Angeles, and Todos Santos Bay, Lower 

 California. Collections by Henry Hemphill, R. Arnold, and 

 many others, have yielded, among others : Dendraster ashleyi 

 Arn., Terebratalia hemphilli Dall, Terebratalia smithi Arn., 

 Area canalis Con., Area trilineata Con., Metis alta Con., Modi- 

 olus rectus Gld., Monia macroschisma Desh., Ostrea veatchi 

 Gabb, Pecten bellus Con., Pecten caurinus Gld., Pecten cerro- 

 sensis Gabb, Pecten coo peri Arn., Pecten hastatus Sby., Pecten 

 healeyi Am., Pecten hemphilli Dall, Pecten opuntia Dall, Pec- 

 ten parmaleei Dall, Pecten stearnsi Dall, Venericardia cali- 

 fornica Dall, Chrysodomus tabulatus Baird, Tritonofusus rec- 

 tirostris Carp. 



" Pal. and Stratig. Pliocene and Pleistocene of San Pedro, California, Mem. Calif, 

 Acad. Sci. Vol. 3, (1903); The Tertiary and Quaternary Pectens of California, 

 Prof. Paper No. 47, U. S. Gcol. Survey, (1906); and New and characteristic species 

 of fossil mollusks .... Santa Barbara, etc. Smithson. Misc. Coll. Vol. 50, (1907); 

 and New and characteristic species of fossil mollusks .... Southern California. 

 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 32, (1907), pp. 525-546. 



"Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. Vol. 6, (1874), p. 227 et seg.; and A Table of North 

 American Tertiary Horizons, etc., Eighteenth An. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, part 2, 

 (1898), p. 337. 



