Vol. IX] SMITH— CLIMATIC RELATIONS 157 



the beach, without discrimination. The Empire fauna, as 

 here listed, seems to be an incongruous mixture of the Puri- 

 sima-Wildcat fauna with a few adventitious forms out of 

 either the Astoria (Oligocene), or the Clallam (lower Mio- 

 cene). If the Empire does represent an independent horizon, 

 it can correspond only to the lost interval between the Monterey 

 and the Santa Margarita-San Pablo of the California section. 



Clallam. (Olympic Peninsula, Washington, lat. 48° N.). 

 The Clallam formation was first described by R. Arnold, " as 

 the equivalent of the Monterey of the Californian section, and 

 this correlation still stands. A portion of this fauna has since 

 been described by W. H. Dall,"" and fuller lists have been given 

 by Arnold and Hannibal," but with the inclusion of some 

 Oligocene elements. C. E. Weaver,^^ has also described a 

 portion of this fauna. Other species have been added by F. M. 

 Anderson and Bruce Martin.'^ All these writers agree in 

 correlating the Clallam with the Monterey. Characteristic 

 species, collected by these various workers are : Area devincta 

 Con., Area trilineata Con., Dosinia matheivsoni Gabb, Leda 

 penita Con., Mareia oregonensis Con., Panopea generosa Gld., 

 Peeten fueanus Dall, Peetcn propatulus Con., Phaeoides aeutili- 

 neatiis Con., Spisida albaria Con., Tellina aretata Con., Tellina 

 obruta Con., Tellina oregonensis Con., Thracia trapezoidea 

 Con., Thyasira biseeta Con., Venus clallamensis Rgn., Yoldia 

 impressa Con., Yoldia oregona Shum., Ampidlina oregonensis 

 Dall, Chrysodomus nodiferus Con., Crepidida prcerupta Con., 

 Cylichnella petrosa Con., Fieris clallamensis Weaver, Fusus 

 devinctus Con., Fusus eorptdentus Con., Fusus geniculus Con., 

 Miopleionia indurata Con., Natica oregonensis Con., Polinices 

 saxea Con., Sinum scopulosum Con., Turritella oregon- 

 ensis Con. 



Most of these forms are also found in the Monterey- 

 Temblor of California ; but the Clallam fauna lacks Lyro peeten, 

 Conus, giant Turritella, and Scutella (southern types). It 

 indicates warm temperate conditions, but cooler than the con- 

 temporary Monterey-Temblor of California. 



2' A geological reconnaissance of the Olympic Peninsula. Bull. Gaol. See. Amer. vol. 

 17, (1906), pp. 451-468. 



"Prof. Paper No. 59, U. S. Geol. Survey, (1909). 



«Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. vol. 52, No. 212, (1913), pp. 586-588. 



^ A preliminary report on the Tertiary paleontology, Washington Geol. Survey, 

 Bull. No. 15, (1912), pp. 1-80. 



2' Neocene record in the Temblor basin, California, etc. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 

 4th ser. vol. 4, 1914), pp. 15-112. 



