58 Mr. E. R. Lankester on a new Species of Hyzena. 
cipated, it being a pretty generally received axiom that the 
divergence of types increases as we ascend the geological ladder. 
The tooth from the Red Crag, which is the upper third premolar 
of the left side, is less produced in proportion to its length and 
breadth than the corresponding tooth of any of the other spe- 
cies I have been able to examine. The anteroposterior measure- 
ment is also proportionately larger than in other species. The 
“cingulum” is slightly developed all round the base of the 
crown, and posteriorly is enlarged into a very conspicuous ridge, 
as in H. spelea, but this does not abut against the central cusp. 
Between the “cingulum” and cusp a small tubercle exists, 
which would therefore approximate it to the H. striata type. 
No anterior tubercle exists, as there does in H. striata, but the 
“cingulum ” is slightly enlarged (figs. 5, 6, 7). 
There appears to be no description of any species of Hyena 
corresponding with the characters of this tooth, the specimens 
from the older Continental beds being, as far as I am able to 
judge, very different, if M. de Blainville’s memoir may be relied 
on. I therefore, for the sake of perspicuity and convenience, 
propose to call this species Hyena antigua, provisionally... If at 
any time further material should identify it with any known 
species, my name must be rescinded. It rests on facts quite as 
characteristic and distinctive as does the Felis pardoides of Owen, 
of which we still require further evidence before affirming it 
positively to be distinct from the Felis antediluviana of Kaup, 
from the Miocene of Germany. 
The following is the arrangement of species of Hyena given 
by M. de Blainville, in which I have inserted the new Crag 
form :— 
Hyena striata, Zimmerm. India (living). 
Syn. H. vulgaris. H. Sivalensis ? 
H. prisca, De Serres. Caverns of Lunel-Viel. 
Syn. H. Monspessulana, Christol. 
. arvernensis, Croizet & Jobert. Auvergne. 
- fusca, Thunb. Cape (living). 
. Perrieri, Croizet & Jobert. Auvergne. 
. Intermedia, De Serres. Lunel-Viel. 
. spelea, Goldfuss. France, England, &c. 
. crocuta, Bodd. Cape (living). 
. antiqua, Lankester. Felixstowe, Suffolk (Red Crag). 
eogengeegsosessesias 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII. 
Fig. 1. Upper third premolar tooth (left side) of Hyena crocuta, Bodd. 
Fig. 2. Ditto of Hyena spelea, Goldfuss. From Kent’s Hole. 
Fig. 3. Ditto of Hyena arvernensis, Croizet & Jobert. Auvergne. 
