7 
the Foraminifera of the Crag. 6 
in the ‘ Annals and Magazine of Natural History’ for June and 
November 1859; February, March, April, June, July, and 
November, 1860; August and September 1861; February and 
September 1863. 
These Foraminifera from the Crag at Sutton are remarkable, 
for the most part, for size and abundance. The leading forms 
are Miliola, Lagena, Dentalina, Polymorphina, Textularia, Pul- 
vinulina, and Nonionina. As a fauna, they are best represented 
(in our collections) by dredgings from the Atlantic, south of the 
Selly Isles, at from 50 to 70 fathoms, and from the Mediterra- 
nean, on the north of Sicily, at 21 fathoms. 
From all other parts of the Lowest or White Crag of Suffolk, 
as far as our collections serve, we have got a somewhat similar 
fauna, not only greatly reduced in number of individuals and 
variety of forms, but composed of dwarfs in contrast with those 
of Sutton, except in the case of some of those that inhabit shal- 
low water, as Rotalia Beccaru and Polystomella crispa, and even 
these are but feeble. Hence we may suppose that the Foramini- 
feral deposit at Sutton was formed either in deeper or in warmer 
water than other portions of the Crag were. Our chief sources 
of these less luxuriant growths are specimens of Crag full of 
Cyprina and Cardita ; and as the former shell lives in the British 
seas, at from 5 to 80 fathoms—a depth similar to that affected 
by the Atlantic and Mediterranean groups of Foraminifera above 
alluded to—we must suppose that some deteriorating influence, 
either cold currents, floating ice, or cold climate, was at work 
locally, at least, in the Crag sea, excepting possibly the Sutton 
area. 
Similar conditions are indicated by the Bivalved Entomostraca 
of the Crag described in one of the Monographs published by 
the Paleeontographical Society. 
Of the Foraminifera of the Middle or Red Crag we have but 
a poor supply ; indeed it is not easy to determine in every in- 
stance whether we have a native or a derived fossil in a specimen 
from the Red Crag, as this deposit has been much disturbed, 
and with it are mixed fossils from the Lowest or White Crag, 
and even from older Tertiary beds. (See Mr. S. V. Wood’s 
memoir on this subject, ‘ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.’ 1859, vol. xv. 
p- 32.) | 
The Foraminifera of the Red Crag indicate a rather shallow 
sea-zone ; they comprise a few common species of Miliola, Poly- 
morphina, Textularia, Truncatulina, Rotalia, Calcarina, Polysto- 
mella, and Nonionina, not abundant as individuals, nor of large 
size—and are such as live at present in the British seas, with the 
exception of Calcarina. 
The Uppermost, Mammaliferous, or Norwich Crag (Thorpe, 
5* 
