152 Mr. W. Eagle Clarke on the 



Scottish National Expedition will be devoted to the Birds of 

 the Weddell Sea, southwards of the Orkneys, and Coates 

 Land. 



Pigoscelis Antarctica (Forst .). (Plates IV., VI., & VII.) 



Pygoscelis antarctica Cat. B. xxvi. p. 634. 



The Hinged Penguin is an uncommon bird in collections, 

 and has hitherto been regarded as not an abundant species 

 anywhere within the somewhat limited area in which it 

 occurs ; while its phases of plumage were little known except 

 in the adult state. 



Now, thanks to the work of the Scottish Expedition, we 

 know that the species is extremely abundant at the South 

 Orkneys ; while the collections brought home enable me to 

 describe all the stages of plumage from the newly hatched 

 chick to the mature bird. 



Although not nearly so numerous as its congener P. adelia, 

 yet next to that species it was the most abundant of all the 

 birds found at the South Orkneys, where the total number 

 resorting to Laurie and Saddle Islands for the summer is 

 estimated at over one million. 



This species was first seen by the Expedition on 

 February 2nd, 1903, in lat. 60° S., to the N.E. of the 

 Archipelago. Here a party was observed, some of which 

 were sitting on an iceberg, others on the water. Two days 

 later the first landing on the islands was effected at 

 Saddle I., w r here the explorers met with a vast concourse of 

 these birds, and a number of specimens, young and old, and 

 some eggs were secured. The rookery at this island is 

 believed to be tenanted by not less than 50,000 birds. 



On her return to the South Orkneys in the autumn after 

 the first voyage to the Weddell Sea, the ' Scotia ' encountered 

 Ringed Penguins off the east coast of Coronation I. on 

 March 23rd. On March 26th she went into winter-quarters 

 in " Scotia Bay," Laurie I., and there these birds were 

 observed until April 28th, on which date the last of the 

 autumn emigrants were seen. They were entirely absent 

 during the whole of the winter; and the earliest of the 



