1G0 Mr. W. Eagle Clarke on the 



bleeding, while others were literally pecked to death. An 

 angry bird ruffles the feathers on the back of its head and 

 neck, draws back its head, and glares viciously with eyes and 

 bill wide open. When the old birds leave the nest to go 

 down to the water to bathe, it takes them a long time to 

 make up their minds to enter the sea, and a whole crowd 

 collects and walks up and down the ice-foot. They lean over 

 the edge, as if about to dive, and then retire again and run 

 off to another point to go through the same performance. 

 When one makes the plunge a number of others immediately 

 follow. After the dive they roll over and over in the water, 

 and wash themselves thoroughly with the aid of their feet, 

 gradually getting rid of the red dirt with which they are 

 bespattered and smeared. On leaving the water they have 

 to jump about four feet to reach the rock or ice. They 

 often attempt to do this in places which are too high, and 

 fall back into the water. 



The first young were found on December 6th, but 

 probably some of these were hatched on the 4th. Many 

 were seen on the 11th. On the 18th a mother Penguin was 

 observed feeding her chicks. She bent her head until her 

 bill was inclined about 45°, with the lower mandible upper- 

 most, and the chicks sucked in the semidigested food brought 

 up, taking it from the hollow between the rami of the upper 

 mandible. When the young were older they were fed as 

 shewn in the picture (Plate VEIL fig. 2). Some young 

 under a fortnight old were found to have already a small 

 geological museum of pebbles in their stomachs. By 

 January 7th, 1904, the young were beginning to lose their 

 down. The rookeries at that date were in a greater state 

 of filth than ever, and the stench was almost unbearable. 

 On February 11th not a single old bird was in the rookery 

 or in the bay, and only a very few young were seen. They 

 had evidently all gone out to sea. 



In 1904, Mr. Mossman informs me, the first spring 

 immigrants were noted on October 8th, followed by several 

 hundreds on the 14th, after which they were continually 

 arriving at the rookeries. On November 2nd the first 



