162 Mr. W. Eagle Clarke on the 



7'7 inches; the females from 27 to 308 inches, and their 

 wings from 7 to 74 inches. 



As regards weight, it would seem that by the end of the 

 nesting-season the weight of birds of both sexes had run 

 down to a low ebb, indicating, perhaps, that they had 

 been drawing on the stores of fat laid up since the previous 

 autumn. In April males ranged from 7"25 to 10 lbs., while 

 in October the lightest bird scaled 11 o lbs. and the heaviest 

 14" 1 lbs. Females in April ranged from 6 to 8 lbs., and in 

 October from 9 to 13 lbs. These results were based upon 

 a large number of specimens. 



The temperature of this species Avas found to be as high as 

 106° F. 



Pygoscelis papua (Forst.). (Plate IX.) 



Pygoscelis papua Cat. B. xxvi. p. 631. 

 • The Gentoo Penguin, which nears the southern limits of 

 its range at the South Orkneys, was only found in small 

 numbers as compared with its congeners, the total number 

 at Laurie I. being estimated at 100,000 birds. It was 

 confined to four or five rookeries, in which it nested in 

 company with P. adelia. 



This species was first met with by the Expedition at 

 Saddle I. early in February, though no mention is made of 

 its nesting there, and later in the season it was observed off 

 Coronation I. on March 23rd. At the winter- quarters in 

 Scotia Bay many were observed departing late in March and 

 early in April, and the last of the autumn emigrants went 

 north on April 25th. Not all of them departed, however, for 

 a few were occasionally seen during the winter months of 

 May, June, and July. They increased in numbers during the 

 third week of August, and the spring return movements set 

 fairly in by September, on the 25th of which month they 

 appeared at the rookei'y on Cape Dundas, while numbers 

 arrived from the north as late as November 5th. 



On October 18th many were observed on their way from 

 the open water to a big rookery, in company with P. adeliee. 

 On reaching the shore they at once clambered up on to the 



