306 On Birds observed at Monastir, Turkey in Europe. 



138. FuLICA ATRA L. Coot. 



Breeds in great numbers in the Kara Su marshes. 



139. Grus communis Bechst. Common Crane. 

 Immense flights of Cranes pass northwards in spring, my 



earliest record being March 22. They remain in the marshes 

 for some time, being still numerous in May and June, and 

 their eggs have been described to me by the marshmen. 

 The autumnal migration south is first noticeable about 

 September 27. 



HO. Vanellus vulgaris Bechst. Lapwing. 



Very abundunt in the plain from November till February. 

 I imagine that they breed near the Kara Su, but their 

 numbers diminish in summer. 



141. Himantopus candidus Bonnat. Stilt. 



I have seen the Stilt early in May, and during the summer 

 it abounds in the marshes. I have always observed it flying 

 in pairs and have noticed that the call is a sort of falsetto 

 grunt. 



142. Scolopax rusticula L. Woodcock. 



Not common. A few are to be obtained in December and 

 January. 



143. Gallinago ccelestis (Frenzel). Common Snipe. 

 Fairly common from November till March. 



144. Totanus ochropus (L.). Green Sandpiper. 



A specimen shot in the neighbourhood was given to me 

 on November 24, 1903. 



145. Totanus hypoleucus (L.). Common Sandpiper. 

 Very rarely seen. 



146. Hydrochelidon nigra (L.). Black Tern. 

 Thousands breed in the marshes, where I first noticed 



them on May 16, 1904. 



147. Hydrochelidon leucoptera (Schinz). White- 

 winged Tern. 



Inhabits the same localities as the preceding species, but 

 is less numerous. 



