collected in Transcaucasia. 413 



stated by Radde, Orn. Cauc. p. 243, Russ. ed.), just like my 

 one Rumanian and my Russian specimens. Transcaucasian 

 birds are smaller — the wing is 131-132 mm. long, while 

 all my Russian and European birds have it 140-150 mm. 

 long, or shorter only in young birds, but never less than 

 133 mm. (5'23 inches) ; the bill is somewhat longer and 

 conspicuously slenderer (culm. 23-29 mm. long and depth 

 8-8*2 mm. at the nostrils) than in Russian and European 

 birds (these last have culm. 21-26 mm. and depth of the 

 bill 8'3-8 - 6 mm.). Of course this is only a subspecies of 

 D. major, named tenuirostris from its slender bill. 



62. Dendrocopus leuconotus lilfordi Dress. 



I have no typical D. lilfordi to compare with my Kutais 

 specimen. It differs from my Central-Russian and West- 

 Russian specimens of D. leuconotus in having the back more 

 barred, the sides of body much more heavily streaked, the 

 under wing-coverts streaked with dark brown, and the dark 

 bars on the tail-feathers broader : so I label it D. lilfordi. 

 But the crown is certainly not crimson (as in D. lilfordi 

 according to Mr. Dresser), but just as scarlet as in ray 

 Russian D. leuconotus. Perhaps this is a local race, some- 

 what different from D. lilfordi. 



64. Dendrocoptes medius caucasicus Bianchi. 



Dr. Bianchi based this form ( f Annuaire du Mus. Z. 

 de l'Ac. Sc. St. Pe'tersb/ 1894, vol. ix., in Russ.) on six 

 specimens from the North Caucasus, while all the North- 

 Caucasian specimens of Mr. Lorenz evidently belong to 

 it also (see Lorenz, Beitr. etc. 1887, p. 44, " sehr 

 lebhaftes gelb an der Unterseite "). Hitherto it has not 

 been recorded from Transcaucasia, as modern writers 

 (Menzbier and others) repeat Radde's statement that both 

 typical D. medius L., and D. sancti-johannis Blanf. are met 

 with there. As regards D. medius, I think that this is quite 

 improbable, but Mr. Kobylin thinks that he has seen a skin 

 of the true D. sancti-johannis there. All the specimens, 

 however, in his own collection ( £ ? and juv.) belong to 

 D. caucasicus. 



