OF THE BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY. XXXVII 



the face of the cliff, were evidences of the former existence of 

 annexed exterior chambers below. The cliff walls beneath 

 these apertures had evidently been hollowed out to form the 

 rear wall of the annexed chamber, and were nicely plastered 

 with red and yellow clay. Rows of small round holes were 

 seen which, it was thought, had been used as rests for the 

 rafters, while large quantities of roughly-squared stones used 

 in building lay scattered about the base of the cliff. In some 

 cases there appeared to be two and even three tiers of houses 

 constructed in this manner. 



The ruins of six large circular chambers or estufas and of 

 several other dwellings were found distributed over the slope 

 which reaches from the foot of the cliffs to the small stream 

 that flows in the bottom of the canon. 



Photographs, sketches, and complete notes were also made 

 explanatory of the industries, religion, and habits of the Pueblo 

 Indians of Cochiti, whom Mr. Stevenson visited on his return. 

 These are preserved for future reference and study. 



ZUNI RESEARCHES. 

 WORK OF MR. F. H. CUSHING. 



On the 30th of August Mr. Frank Hamilton Gushing pro- 

 ceeded to the Seneca Reserve, in Western New York, with the 

 Zufii Indians who had accompanied him on his eastern trip, 

 mentioned in the last annual report. Here he learned im- 

 portant and obscure facts relative to the social organizations 

 of the Seneca, more especially the "medicine" fraternities. 

 In the latter he found evidence of a society of "medicine 

 priests,'' functionally identical with a similar organization 

 among the Zufti, viz, that of the Ka-ka-thla-na, or "grand 

 medicine dance." He afterwards went to Zufii, N. Mex., ar- 

 riving there on the 23d of September. 



Here, in the month of October, he resumed note taking and 

 the sketching of Zufii dances and ceremonials as they occurred, 

 adding to his vocabularies and memoranda on the sociologic 

 system of the tribe, ceramic art decorations, and mythology. 

 Thence he proceeded to Keam's Cafion, Arizona Territory, the 



