26 PICTOGRAPHS OP THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS. 



arrow pointing upwind, with two horizontal lines drawn across the 

 shaft, vertical lines having short oblique lines attached thereto. 



Mr. Gatschet, furthermore, remarks thai the Tnalati attach a trivial 

 story t<> the origin of these pictures, the substance of which is as fol- 

 lows: The Tillamnk warriors living on the Pacific coast were often at 

 variance with the several Kalapuya tribes. One day, passing through 

 Patten's Valley to invade the country of the Tnalati, they inquired of 

 a passing woman how far they were from theircamp. The woman, de- 

 sirous not to betray her own countrymen, said that they were yet at a 



distant fone (or two?) days' travel. This made them reflect over the 



intended invasion, and holding a council they preferred to retire. In 

 commemoration of this the inscription with its numeration marks, was 

 incised by the Tnalati. 



( a | it. ( 'ha lies Bendire, U. S. Army, states in a letter that Col. Henry 

 C. Merriam, U. S Army, discovered pictographs on a perpendicular cliff 

 of granite at the lower end of Lake Chelan, lat. 4S° N., near old Fort 

 O'Kinakane, on the upper Columbia River. The etchings appear to 

 have been made at widely different periods, and are evidently quite old. 

 Those which appeared the earliest were from twenty-live to thirty feet 

 above the present water level. Those appearing more recent are about 

 ten feet above water level. The figures are in black and red colors, 

 representing Indians with bows and arrows, elk, deer, bear, beaver, and 

 fish. There are four or five rows of these figures, and quite a number 

 in each row. The present native inhabitants know nothing whatever 

 regarding the history of these paintings. 



For another example of pictographs from ^Yashingtoll .see Figure 

 10(1, p. 100. 



ROCK CARVINGS IN UTAH. 



A locality in the southern interior of Utah has been called Picto- 

 graph Rocks, on account of the numerous records of that character 

 found there. 



-Mr. G. K. Gilbert, of the United States Geological Survey, in 1875 

 collected a number of copies of inscriptions in Temple Creek Canon, 

 Southeastern Utah, accompanied by the following notes : " The draw- 

 ings were found only on the northeast wall of the canon, where it cuts 

 the Vermillion cliff sandstone. The chief part are etched, apparently 

 by pounding with a sharp point. The outline of a figure is usually 

 more deeply cut than the body. Other marks are produced by rubbing 

 or scraping, and still other by laying on colors. Some, not all, of the 

 colors are accompanied by a rubbed appearance, as though the material 

 had been a dry chalk. 



" I could discover no tools at the foot of the wall, only fragments of 

 pottery, Hints, and a metate. 



