86 



PICTOGRAPHS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS. 



kamaha" (fifikce (Deity of the night, moon) ; Mikak'e pe<f-u n da, Seven 

 Stars: Ta ad<fi n , Three Deer ; Mikak'e tan^a, Big Star ; Mikak'e oifhfa, 

 Little Star. Then the Black bear went to the Waoin^a-oiiijse, a female 



red bird sitting on her nest. This grand- 

 mother granted his request. She gave 

 them human bodies, making them out of 

 her own body. 



The earth lodge at the end of the chart 

 denotes the village of the Halloa utaf a n ;si, 

 who were a very warlike people. Buffalo 

 skulls were on the tops of the lodges, and 

 the bones of the animals on which they 

 subsisted, whitened on the ground. The 

 very air was rendered offensive by the de- 

 caying bodies and offal. The Hafijja 

 utaf a"jsi made a treaty of peace with the 

 Waoace and Tsiou gentes, and from the 

 union of the three resulted the present 

 nation of the Osages. 



The Bald Eagle account of the tradi- 

 tion begins very abruptly. The stars 

 were approached thus : lla u da^a 1, -Wakanja 

 (sun), Watse lujja (morning star), Wadaha 

 (Great Dipper), Tapa (Pleiades) Mikak'e- 

 ha n -dara u (Day Star). This version gives 

 what is wanting in the other, the meeting 

 of other gentes, Hank a oin*ia, Waoaoe, 

 Han^a -uta<j-a"rsi,ctc, and the decisions of 

 the chief of the Haiijja-utaifa"^^ 



The people on the war side had similar 



adventures, but the accurate account has 



not yet been obtained. 



The whole of the chart was used uiueinonically. Parts of it, such as 



the tour heavens and ladders, were tattooed on the throat and chest of 



the old men belonging to the order." 



D 



Fig. 38.— Osage chart. 



TREATIES. 



The most familiar example of the recording of treaties is the employ- 

 ment of wampum belts for that purpose. An authority on the subject 

 says : •' The wampum belts given to Sir William Johnson, of immortal 

 Indian memory, were in several rows, black on each side, and white in the 

 middle ; the white being placed in the center was to express peace, and 

 that tbe path between them was fair and open. In the center of the 



