MALI.EKY.] 



PERSONAL NAME. 



173 



■ 8.— Shadow. 



to a practice of that tribe, to make transverse cuts in the forearm after 

 or before going into a conflict, as an offering or vow to the Great Spirit 

 for success. Cheyennes are thus represented in the 

 winter count of Cloud-Shield for 1834-35 (see page 

 139) and 1878-'79 (see page 140.) 



Mr. P. W. Norris has presented a buffalo robe con- 

 taining a record of exploits, which was drawn by 

 Black-Crow, a Dakota warrior, several years ago. 

 The peculiarity of the drawings is, that the warrior 

 is represented in each instance in an upright posi- 

 lion, the accompanying figure being always in a re- 

 cumbent posture, representing the enemy who was 

 slain. Instead of depicting the personal name above 

 the fallen personage with a liue connecting the two, 

 the name of the enemy is placed above the head of 

 the victor in each instance, a line extending between 

 the character and the speaker or warrior whose exploits the characters 

 represent. The latter seems to proclaim the name of his victim. A 

 pipe is also figured between the victor and the vanquished, showing 

 that he is entitled to smoke a pipe of celebration. 



A copy T of the whole record was shown to the Mdewakantawan Da- 

 kotas, near Fort Snelliug, Minnesota, in 1883, and the character re- 

 produced in Figure 79, about 

 which there was the most 

 doubt, was explained as sig- 

 nifying "many tongues," i.e., 

 Loud-Talker, being the name 

 of the person killed. 



The circle at the end of the 

 line running from the mouth 

 contains a number of lanceo- 

 late forms, the half of each 

 of which is black, the other 

 white. They have the ap- 

 pearance of feathers. These 

 figures signify voice, the 

 sounds as issuing from the 

 mouth, and correspond in 

 some respect to those drawn 

 by the Mexicans with that significance. The considerable number of 

 these figures, signifying intensity, denotes loud voice, or, as given liter- 

 ally, "loud talker," that being the name of the victim. 



It is however to be noted that " Shield," an Oglala Dakota, says the 

 character signifies Feather- Shield, the name of a warrior formerly living 

 at the Pine Eidge Agency, Dakota. 



Fig. 79.— Loud-Talker. 



