476 



PUEBLO POTTERY AND ZUNl CULTURE-GROWTH. 



atiou. In his opinion the rectangular form of architecture, which suc- 

 ceeds the type under discussion, must have been evolved from the 

 circular form by the bringing together, within a limited area, of many 

 houses. This would result in causing the wall of one circular structure 

 to encroach upon that of another, suggesting the partition instead of 

 the double wall. This partition would naturally be built straight as a 

 twofold measure of economy. Supposing three such houses to be con- 

 tiguous to a central one, each separated from the latter by a straigh t 

 wall, it may be seen that (as in the accompanying plan) the three sides 



^B3ld 



Fig. 494. — Evolution of rectangular forms in primitive architecture. 



of a square are already formed, suggesting the parallelogramic as a 

 convenient style of sequent architecture. 



All this, I need scarcely add, agrees not only with my own observa- 

 tions in the field but with the kind of linguistic research above recorded. 

 It would also apparently explain the occurrence of the circular semisub- 

 terranean li u-i tsi ire, or estufas. These being sacred have retained the 

 pristine form long after the adoption of a modified type of structure for 

 ordinary or secular purposes, according to the well known law of sur- 

 vival in ceremonial appurtenances. 



In a majority of the lava ruins (for example those occurring near 

 Preseott,- Arizona), I have observed that the sloping sides rather than 

 the level tops of mesa headlands have been chosen by the ancients as 

 building-sites. Here, the rude, square type of building prevails, not, 

 however, to the entire exclusion of the circular type, which is repre- 

 sented by loosely constructed walls, always on the outskirts of the main 

 ruins. The rectangular rooms are, as a rule, built row above row. 

 Some of the houses in the upper rows give evidence of having over- 

 lapped others below. (See section, Fig. 495.) 



