732 THE GHOST-DANCE RELIGION [eth.ann.14 



"ear-rings" (French name), Ponderas. The Tend d'Oreilles held the 

 country along the river and lake of the same name, in Idaho and Wash- 

 ington, immediately southwest of the Kutenai. They are commonly 

 distinguished as Upper, on the lake, and Lower, on both banks of the 

 river. They are the Ooospellar mentioned by Lewis and Clark in 1805. 

 They formerly crossed the mountains annually to hunt buffalo on the 

 Missouri. Since 1S41 they and most of the other Salishan tribes of 

 this region have been under the influence of Catholic missionaries. 

 The Upper Tend d'Oreilles joined with the Flatheads and Kutenai in 

 a treaty with the government in 1855, and are now on Flathead reser- 

 vation in Montana. Someof the Lower band joined them there in 1887. 

 Others are on the Coeur d'Alene reservation in Idaho, a few are with 

 Moses on the Columbia in Washington, and the rest are still in their 

 original country, never having entered into treaty stipulations. The 

 whole tribe numbers about 1,000 souls. 



Colville (Salishan stock). — Synonyms: Chaudiere (French name), 

 Chualpay, Kettle Falls, Quiarlpi or "basket people" (Hale), Schrooyelpi, 

 Schwogelpi, Schwoyelpi, Swielpee, Wheelpoo (Lewis and Clark). They 

 originally occupied the country on Colville and Kettle rivers and on 

 both sides of the Columbia from Kettle falls down to Spokane river, 

 in Washington, and extending north into British territory to about the 

 lower Arrow lake. They are mentioned by Lewis and Clark under the 

 name of Wheelpoo. Kettle falls on the Columbia, within their terri- 

 tory, was the great salmon fishing resort for all the tribes of this region, 

 and here, in 1846, was established the Catholic mission of Saint Paul. 

 As a result of this missionary work, all of these Salishan tribes, except- 

 ing the Sanpoil, Nespelim, Mitaui, and a part of the Spokan are now 

 Catholics. In 1854, according to Stevens, the original Shwoyelpi were 

 nearly extinct and their places had been filled by Indians from neigh- 

 boring tribes. Without ever having entered into any treaty with the 

 government, they were assigned in 1872 to Colville reservation, Wash- 

 ington, which had been set apart for the tribes of that section. They 

 were reported to number (>1G in 1870, and only 301 in 1892. 



Lake or Seni.iextee (Salishan stock). — These owned the country 

 on both sides of the Columbia, in Washington, from about Kettle falls 

 northward into British Columbia to the vicinity of Arrow lake. They 

 are now on Colville reservation in Washington and number about 350, 

 with perhaps a few others across the boundary. They may be identical 

 with the Lahannas of Lewis and < 'lark. 



SPOKAN (Salishan stock). — Synonyms: Lartielo (Lewis and Clark), 

 Sarlilso (Gibbs), Sinhumanish, Sinkoman (Kutenai name), Spokihnish, 

 Spokomish, Xingomenes. They are commonly distinguished as Upper 

 Spokan or Sineeguomenah, Middle or Sintootoo, and Lower or Chekis- 

 schee ( Winans, Comr., 1870). Spokan is the name given them by the 

 Coeur d'Aleiies; Sinkoman is their Ivutenai name, while the Lartielo or 

 Sarlilso of Lewis and Clark is simply a bad misprint lor Sintootoo, the 



