moosey] LOVALTY OF THE SCOUTS 881 



family before the trouble began. She had already given him his name, 

 Herbert Zitkalazi, the last word being- the Sioux form of his father's 

 name, "Yellow Bird." She brought him back with her to Washington, 

 where he soon learned English and became a general favorite of all 

 who knew him for his affectionate disposition and unusual intelligence, 

 with genuine boyish enthusiasm in all he undertook. His picture here 

 given (figure 82) is from a photograph made in Lafayette park, Wash- 

 ington, in 1892. His adopted mother having resumed her school work 

 among his tribe, he is now back with her, attending school under her 

 supervision at Standing Bock, where, as in Washington, he seems to 

 be a natural leader among those of his own age. When we think of 

 these children and consider that only by the merest accident they 

 escaped the death that overtook a hundred other children at Wounded 

 Knee, who may all have had in themselves the same possibilities of 

 affection, education, and happy usefulness, we can understand the 

 sickening meaning of such affairs as the Chivington massacre in Colo- 

 rado and the Custer light on the Washita, where the newspaper reports 

 merely that " the enemy was surprised and the Indian camp destroyed." 



The Indian scouts at Wounded Knee, like the Indian police at Grand 

 river and Pine liidge, were brave and loyal, as has been the almost 

 universal rule with Indians when enlisted in the government service, 

 even when called on, as were these, to serve against their own tribe and 

 relatives. The prairie Indian is a born soldier, with all the soldier's 

 pride of loyalty to duty, and may be trusted implicitly after he has once 

 consented to enter the service. The scouts at Wounded Knee were 

 Sioux, with Philip Wells as interpreter. Other Sioux scouts were 

 ranging the country between the agency and the hostile camp in the 

 Bad Lands, and acted as mediators in the peace negotiations which led 

 to the final surrender. Fifty Cheyenne and about as many Crow scouts 

 were also employed in the same section of country. Throughout the 

 entire campaign the Indian scouts and police were faithful and received 

 the warmest commendation of their officers. 



On Xew Year's day, 1891, Henry Miller, a herder, was killed by 

 Indians a few miles from the agency. This was the only noncombatant 

 killed by the Indians during the entire campaign, and during the same 

 period there was no depredation committed by them outside of the 

 reservation. On the next day the agent reported that the school build- 

 ings and Episcopal church on White Clay creek had been burned by 

 hostiles, who were then camped to the number of about 3,000 on Grass 

 creek, 15 miles northeast of the agency. They had captured the gov- 

 ernment beef herd and were depending on it for food. Red Cloud, 

 Little Wound, and their people were with them and were reported ;is 

 anxious to return, but prevented by the hostile leaders, Two Strike, 

 Short Bull, and Kicking Bear, who threatened to kill the first one who 

 made a move to come in. (G. D., 44.) A few days later a number of 



