888 THE GHOST-DANCE RELIGION [eth. ann.h 



hostages. The demand was readily complied with, and the men desig- 

 nated came forward voluntarily and gave themselves up as sureties for 

 the good conduct of their people. They were sent to Fort Sheridan, 

 Illinois, near Chicago, where they were kept until there was no further 

 apprehension, and were theu returned to their homes. ( War, S3; Colby, 

 8.) After the surrender the late hostiles pitched their camp, number- 

 ing in all 712 tipis, in the bottom along White Clay creek, just west of 

 the agency, where General Miles had supplies of beef, coft'ee, and sugar 

 issued to them from the commissary department, and that night they 

 enjoyed the. first full meal they had known in several weeks. 



Thus ended the so called Sioux outbreak of 1890-91. It might be 

 better designated, however, as a Sioux pauic and stampede, for, to 

 quote the expressive letter of McGillycuddy, writing under date of 

 January 15, 1891, "Up to date there has beeu neither a Sioux out- 

 break or war. No citizen in Nebraska or Dakota has been killed, 

 molested, or can show the scratch of a pin, and no property has been 

 destroyed off the reservation." ( Colby. !>.) Only a single noncombatant 

 was killed by the Indians, and that was close to the agency. The 

 entire time occupied by the campaign, from the killing of Sitting Bull 

 to the surrender at Pine Ridge, was ouly thirty-two days. The late 

 hostiles were returned to their homes as speedily as possible. The 

 Brule of Rosebud, regarded as the most turbulent of the hostiles, were 

 taken back to the agency by Captain Lee, for whom they had respect, 

 founded on an acquaintance of several years' standing, without escort 

 and during the most intense cold of winter, but without any trouble or 

 dissatisfaction whatever. The military were returned to their usual 

 stations, and within a few weeks after the surrender affairs at the vari- 

 ous agencies were moving again in the usual channel. 



An unfortunate event occurred just before the surrender in the killing 

 of Lieutenant E. W. Casey of the Twenty-second infantry by Plenty 

 Horses, a young Brule, on January 7. Lieutenant Casey was in com- 

 mand of a troop of Cheyenne scouts, and was stationed at the mouth 

 of White Clay creek, charged with the special duty of watching the 

 hostile camp, which was located 8 miles farther up the creek at No 

 Waiter's place. On the day before his death several of the hostiles had 

 visited him and held a friendly conference. The next morning, in com- 

 pany with two scouts, he went out avowedly for the purpose of observ- 

 ing the hostile camp more closely. He rode up to within a short distance 

 of the camp, meeting and talking with several of the Indians on the 

 way, and had stopped to talk with a half-blood relative of Red Cloud, 

 when Plenty Horses, a short distance away, deliberately shot him 

 through the head, and he fell from his horse dead. His body was not 

 disturbed by the Indians, but was brought in by some of the Cheyenne 

 scouts soon after. Plenty Horses was arraigned before a United States 

 court, but was acquitted on the ground that as the Sioux were then at 

 war and the officer was practically a spy upon the Indian cam]), the act 



