1052 THE GHOST-DANCE RELIGION [eth.ann.14 



development than the Piutes, and more degraded morally. They are indolent 

 improvident, and much addicted to the vices and evil practices common in savage 

 life. They manifest, an almost uncontrollable appetite for intoxicating drinks. 

 They are sensual and filthy, and are annually diminishing in numbers from the dis- 

 eases contracted through their indulgences. A few have learned the English lan- 

 guage and will do light work lor a reasonable compensation. They spend the winter 

 mouths about the villages and habitations of white men. from whom they obtain 

 tolerable supplies of food and clothing. The spring, summer, and autumn months 

 are spent in fishing about Washo and Talioe lakes and the streams which flow 

 through their country. They also gather grass seed and pine nuts, hunt rabbits, 

 hares, and ducks. There is no suitable place for a reservation in the bounds of their 

 territory, and, in view of their rapidly diminishing numbers and the diseases to 

 which they are subjected, none is required. (Cornr., 47. 1 



THE PIT RIVER INDIANS 



Another group of Indians closely associated with the Paiute on the 

 northwest consists of a number of small tribes, known collectively to 

 the whites as Tit River or Hot Springs Indians, holding' the basin of 

 Pit river in northeastern California from Goose lake to the junction 

 with the Sacramento. Among their tribes or bands are the Achoma'wi, 

 Huma'whi, Estakewack, Hantewa, Ckuma'wa, Atua'mib or Hamef- 

 ku'ttelli, llma'wi. and Pa'kamalli. (Powers, Tribes of California.) 

 They are at present supposed to constitute a distinct linguistic group, 

 but it is probable that better information will show their affinity with 

 some of the neighboring Californian stocks. With the exception of a 

 few at Round Valley reservation, California, none of them are on res 

 ervations or have any official recognition by the government. They 

 probably number 1,000 to 1,500 souls. The northern bands have 

 suffered much from Modoc slave raids in former days, and arc much 

 inferior in physique and intellect to those lower down the river, who 

 were the terror of northern California thirty years ago, and who are 

 described by recent observers as good workers, intelligent, brave, and 

 warlike. [A. d. 0., 9.) 



SONGS OF THE PAIUTE 



1. NrvX' ka ko'raxi 



Niiv-i' ka ro'rani ! 

 Xiivii ka ro'rani ! 

 Xiivii' ka ro'rani 1 

 Xiivii ka ro rani ! 

 ( iosi pa h i vi ginu . 

 ( .osi pa' hiivi ginu . 



Translation 



The snow lies there — ro rani ' 

 The snow lies then — ro'rani .' 

 The snow lies there — ro'rani ! 

 The snow lies there — ro'rani ! 

 The Milky Way lies there, 

 The Milky Way lies t here. 



