1092 THE GHOST-DANCE RELIGION [eth.ann.U 



THE CADDO AND ASSOCIATED TRIBES 



CADDO TRIBAL SYNONYMY 



Jsiimif! — an old French came, from Sasinai. 



Caddo — popular name, from Ka'dohada'cho. 



Cadodaquio — Joutel (1687), another form of Ka'dohada'cho. 



Cents — old French name used by Jontel in 1687; from Hasinai. 



Da'sha-i —Wichita name 



I>< sa — another form of Da'sha-i. 



Hasi'nai or Ifasi'ni — the proper generic term for at least the principal Caddo divi- 

 sions, and perhaps for all of them. It is also used by them as synonymous with 

 '"Indians." 



Ka'dohada'cho — the name of the Caddo proper, as used by themselves. 



M: i si j> — Kiowa name : " pierced nose," from mak'on, nose, and sep, the root of a verb 

 signifying to pierce or sew with an awl. 



X<t shonit or Na'shoni — Comanche Dame, frequently used also by the neighboring 

 tribes to designate the Caddo; the Nassonite of the early French writers on 

 Texas. 



Nei Perce" — French traders' name; 1 "pierced nose." 



Ni'ris-hari's-M'riki — another Wichita name. 



din s-ita iiiuw' — Cheyenne name; " pierced nose people." 



Tani'banen, Tani'oanenina, Tani'batha — Arapaho name; "pierced nose people," luni, 

 nose. 



CADDO TRIBAL SIGN 



" Pierced nose,'' in allusion to their former custom of boring the nose 

 for the insertion of a ring. 



SKETCH OF THE CADDO 



The Caddo are the principal southern representatives of the Caddoan 

 stock, which includes also the Wichita, Ivichai, Pawnee, and Ankara. 

 Their confederacy consisted of about a dozen tribes or divisions, claim- 

 ing as their original territory the whole of lower Red river and 

 adjacent country in Louisana, eastern Texas, and southern Arkansas. 

 The names of these twelve divisions, including two of foreign origin, 

 have been preserved as follows: 



Ka'dohada'cho (Caddo proper). 



Nada'ko (Anadarko). 



Hai'-nai floni). 



Na'bai-da'cho (Xabedache). 



WWkohodo'tsi (Nacogdoches ). 



Nash i'tosh ( Natchitoches). 



Nci'ka'na'wan. 



Htidai'-i (Adai, Adaize). 



Hai'-ish (Eyeish, Aliche, Acs). 



Ya'tasi. 



T'maha — a baud of Omaha, or perhaps more probably Kwapa, who 

 lived with the Ka'dohada'cho, but retained their own distinct language. 



