POWELL. | STAGES OF PHILOSOPHY. Dil 
The savage philosopher classifies by obvious resemblances—analogic 
characters. The civilized philosopher classifies by essential affinitives 
—homologic characteristics—and the progress of philosophy is marked 
by changes from analogic categories to homologic categories. 
TWO GRAND STAGES Ot PHILOSOPHY. 
There are two grand stages of philosophy—the mythologic and sci- 
entific. In the first, all phenomena are explained by analogies derived 
from subjective human experiences; in the latter, phenomena are ex- 
plained as orderly successions of events. 
In sublime egotism, man first interprets the cosmos as an extension of 
himself; he classifies the phenomena of the outer word by their analogies 
with subjective phenomena; his measure of distance is his own pace, his 
measure of time his own sleep, for he says, “It is a thousand paces to 
the great rock,” or, “‘ It is a hundred sleeps to the great feast.” Noises 
are voices, powers are hands, movements are made afoot. By subjective 
examination discovering in himself will and design, and by inductive 
reason discovering will and design in his fellow men and in animals, he 
extends the induction to all the cosmos, and there discovers in all things 
will and design. All phenomena are supposed to be the acts of some 
one, and that some one having will and purpose. In mythologic phi- 
losophy the phenomena of the outer physical world are supposed to be 
the acts of living, willing, designing personages. The simple are com- 
pared with and explained by the complex. In scientific philosophy, 
phenomena are supposed to be children of antecedent phenomena, and 
so far as science goes with its explanation they are thus interpreted. 
Man with the subjective phenomena gathered about him is studied from 
an objective point of view, and the phenomena of subjective life are rele- 
gated to the categories established in the classification of the phenomena 
of the outer world; thus the complex is studied by resolving it into its 
simple constituents. 
There is an unknown known, and there is a known unknown. The 
unknown known is the philosophy of savagery; the known unknown is 
the philosophy of civilization. In those stages of culture that we call 
savagery and barbarism, all things are known—supposed to be known; 
but when at last something is known, understood, explained, then to 
those who have that knowledge in full comprehension all other things 
become unknown. Then is ushered in the era of investigation and dis- 
covery; then science is born; then is the beginning of civilization. The 
philosophy of savagery is complete; the philosophy of civilization frag- 
mentary. Ye men of science, ye wise fools, ye have discovered the law 
