416 SIGN LANGUAGE AMONG NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS. 
Move the fist, thumb to the head, across the forehead from right to 
left, and cast it toward the earth over the left shoulder. (Apache III.) 
Deaf-mute natural signs: 
Run forward with a bold expression of the countenance. (Zarson.) 
Not to run back but to run forward. (Ziegler.) 
Deaf-mute sign : 
Left hand held asif pressing a loaf against the chest. Make a motion 
with the right hand, palm upward as if cutting through the fingers of 
the left with a sawing motion. ( Wing.) 
Other remarks connected with the signs for brave appear on pages 
352, 353, and 358, supra. 
CHIEF. 
The forefinger of the right hand extended, pass it perpendicularly 
downward, then turn it upward, and raise it in a right line as high as 
the head. (Long.) ‘‘ Rising above others.” 
Raise the index finger of the right hand, holding it straight upward, 
then turn it in a circle and bring it straight down, a little toward the 
earth. (Wied.) The right hand is raised, and in position (J) describes 
a semicircle as in beginning the act of throwing. The arm is elevated 
perfectly erect aside of the head, the palm of the index and hand should 
be outward. There is an evident similarity in both execution and con- 
ception of this sign and Wied’s ; the little variation may be the result of 
different interpretation. The idea of superiority is most prominent in 
both. (Boteler.) “A prominent one before whom all succumb.” The 
Arikaras understood this sign, and they afterwards used it in talking to 
me. (Creel.) Wied’s air-picture reminds of the royal scepter with its 
sphere. 
Raise the forefinger, pointed upwards, in a vertical direction, and then 
reverse both finger and motion; the greater the elevation the “ bigger” 
the chief. (Arapaho I.) 
Place the closed hand, with the index extended and pointing upward, 
near the right cheek, pass it upward as high as the head, then turn it 
forward and downward toward the ground, the movement terminating 
a little below the initial point. See Fig. 306 in TrENDOY-HUERIYO 
DIALOGUE, p. 487. (Arapaho I1; Cheyenne V; Ponka IL; Shoshoni 1.) 
(1) Sign for MAN, as follows: Right hand, palm inward, elevated to 
about the level of the breast, index carelessly pointing upward, suddenly 
pointed straight upward, and the whole hand moved a little forward, at 
the same time taking care to keep the back of the hand toward the per- 
son addressed ; (2) middle, third, little finger, and thumb slightly closed 
