PILLING. ] SMITHSONIAN FORMS. Do 
greatly stimulated investigation, giving wiser direction to inquiry, and 
the results have abundantly proved the value of the ‘Instructions’ and 
the wisdom of its publication; and it serves to mark an epoch in the 
history of ethnographic investigation in America. The material which 
has thus been accumulated is of great amount, and its study has led 
to such important conclusions that it is deemed wise to prepare a new 
system of instruction, more comprehensive in plan and more elaborate 
in detail. First, it is found necessary to enlarge the alphabet so as to 
include a greater number of sounds, which have been discovered in the 
North American languages, and to mark other letters with greater pre- 
cision. Second, it is necessary to enlarge the vocabulary so as to mod- 
ify it somewhat, as experience has dictated, so that new words may be 
collected. Third, it is desirable that many simple phrases and sentences 
should be given—so chosen as to bring out the more important charac- 
teristics of grammatic structure.” 
In the preparation of this paper, the alphabet was considered to be 
of prime importance. Concerning it, the author says: ‘After devoting 
much time to the consideration of the subject, and the examination of 
many alphabets devised by scholars and linguists, none was found 
against which there was not serious objections, and the author at- 
tempted to devise an alphabet which would contain all the supposed 
requirements; but there were many difficulties in the way, and many 
compromises to be made in weighing the various considerations. At 
this stage of the work he applied to the eminent philologist, Prof. W. 
D. Whitney, for assistance. After much consultation and the weighing 
of the many considerations arising from the large amount of manuscript 
material in the author’s hands, Professor Whitney kindly prepared the 
following paper on the alphabet.” 
The words, phrases, and sentences to be collected are arranged in 
schedules, each preceded by instructions, and followed by blanks for 
additions, as follows: 
I. Persons, 15 words. 
II. Parts of the body, 103 words. 
III. Relationships: 
Relationships arising from the first and second generations, 58 words. 
Relationships arising from the third generation, 224 words. 
Relationships arising from the fourth generation, 24 words. 
Names of children in order of birth, 26 words. 
IV. Social organization. 
V. Governmental organization, 22 words. 
VI. Religion, 6 words. 
VII. Disposal of the dead, 8 words. 
VIII. Dress and ornaments, 39 words. 
IX. Dwellings, 26 words. 
X. Implements and utensils, 36 words. 
Basket-ware, 15 words. 
Woodenware, 7 words. 
Utensils of shell, horn, bone, &c., 5 words, 
Stone implements, 13 words. 
Pottery, &c., 11 words. 
