6 



by scientists of all nations. The editorial concluded, "Exploitation of any economic 

 resources found on the moon could well be made a monopoly of the United 

 Nations, with the profits used to finance the U.N.'s peacekeeping, welfare and 

 economic-development activities. The conquest of the moon should serve to bring 

 men together, not to divide them still further or to provide new grounds for 

 conflict." 



This is the spirit in which both the riches of the sea, and man's adventure into 

 outer space should be approached. But this spirit can be translated into action for 

 the benefit of all mankind only if we encourage the United Nations to act now, 

 with both the wisdom and foresight that must be applied to the problem. 



******** 



The Seventeenth Report of the Commission to Study the Organization of 

 Peace, on which this article was based, discusses a number of important recom- 

 mendations for strengthening world order. They include: 



— The United Nations must become truly universal in membership so that 

 all political units may play their parts in a world in which all are bound by law. 



— Adjustment must be made between the principle of sovereign equality of 

 states and power. 



— The extensive lawmaking process which is now to be found in the United 

 Nations must be expanded so that the General Assembly moves toward becoming 

 a true legislative body in the international sphere. 



— Machinery for peacekeeping, peacemaking, and collective security must 

 be augmented. 



— Heroic measures must be taken to arrest the growing gap between the de- 

 veloped minority and the undeveloped majority of nations. 



— The United Nations' Secretary General must be protected from interference 

 in the great responsibilities and leadership opportunities that have been thrust 

 upon him. 



The author wishes publicly to acknowledge the contribution of David B. 

 Brooks and Francis T. Christy, Jr., of the staff of Resources for the Future, who 

 were responsible for much of the material in the study on the resources of the 

 sea, and have been liberally quoted in this article. 



The Commission's Seventeenth Report will be the basis of three half-hour 

 programs to be released this fall by National Educational Radio, with assistance 

 from the Johnson Foundation, which also was host to committee members in 

 Racine, Wisconsin, during drafting of the report. Persons interested in obtaining 

 texts of the report should contact the Commission to Studv the Organization 

 of Peace, 866 United Nations Plaza, New York City, 10017.— C. M. E. 



******* 



"This great area covering five-sevenths of the globe contains abundant resources 

 of food and minerals The sea has been the means of communication by ship. 

 Aggressive war has been waged by surface ships and submarines. Cables have 

 been laid in the sea. Fish have been an important source of food. Man's greed is 

 threatening this source. However, the bed of the sea where great resources are 

 presumed to rest has scarcely been explored. . . . 



"Both the sea and outer space involve vast opportunities for weather report- 

 ing and communications. Both provide means for transportation and adventure. 

 Both may contribute to our knowledge of how the universe was created. . . . 



"In the absence of clear rights and boundaries, nations will unilaterally extend 

 their claims to these shared areas or attempt to appropriate the areas for their 

 own use. Such claims reduce the area held in common by the world and frequently 

 lead to conflicts between nations. The demarcation between areas of national 

 sovereignty and world community rights must be clear. . . . 



"No one can estimate now what the income to the United Nations might be 

 from its granting licenses for the exploitation of the resources of the sea and the 

 revenues which should accrue to it from outer space commimications. It is esti- 

 mated, however, that the amount of money to be realized certainly should make 

 an important contribution to the budget of the United Nations. Furthermore, 

 it should help pay for the expanded program of technical assistance to the devel- 

 oping states. In this way nations not technically able to take advantage of explor;i- 

 tions and development of the sea and o.iter space woiild newrtheloss rec-'ive some 

 benefit in the form of technical assistance made possible by the exploitation of 

 these common property resources." — From the Seventeenth Report of the Commis- 

 sion to Study the Organization of Peace. 



