9 



Pacific off the coast of California. These experiments, in which men have lived 

 underwater for as much as a month, are designed to explore and eventually to 

 exploit the oceans' unknown store of food, oil, and mineral resources. 



Nor are we in America the only ones to be conducting such experiments. Other 

 nations have also made remarkable progress in this area. 



Just as we believe that the assets which may accrue to man from his exploration 

 of outer space should be shared universally, so we believe that what he finds 

 beneath the sea may be used for international benefit without infringing on the 

 sovereign rights of nations. 



The supply of marine life, not to mention mineral deposits, deep in the ocean 

 and even near the surface is virtually endless. Learning to use it to feed the 

 hungry, clotlie the naked, and even warm the cold could simplify if not solve 

 many of the problems that now concern us and, I would emphasize, may well 

 provide a source of international capital. 



It is not too early for this committee to start dreaming and thinking exciting 

 thoughts about the role the U.N. can take. In saying this, I am not imaware that 

 this organization has already demonstrated a sensitivity to the fact that no one 

 nation can hope to attack the many problems posed by the ocean and that a 

 large enough attack can be launched only if all the nations cooi)erate. 



I refer, of course, to the three programs undertaken by UNESCO and its 

 Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. The third program, incidentally, 

 has only recently started in the Western Pacific, where 27 ship^s from 7 countries- 

 China, Korea, Japan, the Philippines, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, 

 and the United States — are already participating in the initial phases of the 

 project. 



Together with the first two — in the Indian Ocean and the tropical Atlantic — 

 these are vivid proof of the imagination and vision of the membership. 



* * * * * i)i if 



Mr. Gross. Which Roosevelt was that? 



Mr. Frelinghuysen. James, our former colleague. 



Mr. Hanna. Then, the next thing in sequence was the speech by 

 the Senator from Idaho who was one of our observers at the U.N. 

 where he made the recommendation that the jurisdiction of the U.N. 

 was the appropriate body 



Mr. Frelinghuysen. I don't want to contradict you, but Members 

 of Congress who go to the U.N. serve as representatives of this 

 country. They are not observers. They are actually part of the dele- 

 gation, so it is not simply an observer's role. It is a curious role for a 

 legislator because you are representing the executive branch of the 

 Government for a 3-month period. 



Mr. Hanna. I had that fine distinction in my mind. It would only 

 have heightened my concern because I was afraid it would be inter- 

 preted as an official statement. What you have told me now gives it 

 almost the color of an official statement from a representative of ours 

 to the U.N. 



Mr. Frelinghuysen. I don't think any of us there speak as 

 individuals. We speak as representatives of our Government. 



Of course, Mr. Popper will have a chance to comment on this. I am 

 glad he is here. 



Mr. Hanna. I prepared for the record what I thought would be a 

 counterdialog to the suggestion of Senator Chiu'ch which I had read 

 in the Congressional Record. I would like at this point to submit for 

 the record my own statements relative to the Frank Church state- 

 ments. 



Mr. Frelinghuysen. Did we already agree that Senator Church's 

 statement could go in? 



