40 



Mr. Rogers. If I might comment there, I think it is going to be 

 very essential for the Congress to keep very close watch on this. It was 

 amazing to me to hear from Mr. Fountain that already there has been 

 discussion on this business in the United Nations. 



Mr. Fountain. I said there was a news story which I received when 

 I got there about a proposed giveaway, but I started asking some ques- 

 tions and got some quick responses to the contrary, which pleased me 

 very much. 



Mr. Rogers. Yes, but I think it is going to require strong congres- 

 sional oversight in this whole matter or it can get quickly out of hand, 

 as the gentleman says. 



Mr. Fascell. Let me ask my colleague from Florida: Based on your 

 studies and those of your subcommittee, what is the position of the 

 United States in the field of oceanography? 



Mr. Rogers. We are now, as you know, beginning to put impetus in 

 the development of this whole subject matter which we were not 

 doing a few years ago. The Congress has been the one that has really 

 brought this about. I think this: In some areas we are ahead in 

 oceanography and significantly ahead. In many areas we are not 

 ahead, we are far behind. 



Mr. Fascell, Can you give us an example of that? 



Mr. Rogers. Yes. In the practical application of oceanography, for 

 example. In Russia — and I \asited there a year and a half ago to go 

 into this matter — ^we discussed their program wdth some of their 

 experts. I feel that they are far ahead of us in applied oceanography, 

 in that they are using the science of oceanography to benefit their 

 nation in their fisheries. 



They use oceanographic vessels to do research work. They will find 

 where the fish are, at what de])th, approximately how many, how 

 many should be fished, and so forth. Then they will bring in a ship to 

 test out what the scientists have found. Then if it proves out the way 

 they have found it, they call in their fishing fleet and they may have 

 200 vessels. They fish the area with mother ships there, and then they 

 bring the catch right to the mother ship. They process on these mother 

 ships right there. They do not have to take it back to Russia to be 

 ])rocessed. They have the most advanced fishing fleets in the world, 



Mr, Fascell. I saw a model of one of those vessels and it is a 

 fascinating sight. 



\lr. Rogers. It is. They are now fishing ofl; of the coast of Africa 

 with these ships right now. They have developed fish flour, fish meal. 

 They are sending those products into the nations off the coast of Africa. 

 They do not have to go back to Russia to process it. 



We have finally persuaded the Food and Drug Administration to 

 agree that fish flour is all right. The reason they didn't want to approve 

 it is it wasn't esthetic enough for the American people. Really, it is 

 ])robably some conflict with domestic industries. Nevertheless 



]Mr. Gross. May I observe that there is an excellent movie available 

 of the operation oi" these Russian fishing fleets, with their processing 

 facilities, at sea. It shows the whole course that they take. 



Mr. Rogers. Yes, and it is fantastic. Also thej^ are transplanting 

 fish from one sea to the North Sea. They are transplanting salmon and 

 the king crab. 



We are doing many practical things, I think we are probably ahead 

 of them in deep sea work. In fact, I am sure; but here is an area where 



