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in a colonial race. The world is now going through the agony of the 

 decolonization processes. The cycle should not be repeated. 



The second principle to be adopted by this Assembly should state 

 that the resources of the sea should be developed and administered as 

 the common heritage of mankind. And finally, the General Assembly 

 should make it clear that the sea should be developed for peaceful pur- 

 poses only, and the seas are free for scientific exploration by all states. 



Then I would like to see this General Assembly set up a committee 

 to work out the kind of authority that should administer the sea. Now, 

 that agency will have to function with the greatest efficiency. Those 

 of you who have been delegates to the General Assembly know that a 

 parliamentary vote of that body could not administer the sea. But 

 an agency could be set up with the efficiency of the International Bank 

 or the Atomic Energy Commission. Obviously it would be larger than 

 such agencies. The creation of such an agency or authority will take 

 the best brains of our statesmen, of our scientists, our economists and 

 our businessmen some years to work out. All of these elements of 

 American life must contribute to this effort through the United 

 Nations. 



I would not attempt to outline the kind of an agency that should be 

 created. But I want to say that unless one is created, the world will be 

 faced with anarchy, with untold competition, which could deprive the 

 United States of the very security which it needs to develop the sea's 

 resources. 



So I say in conclusion that for us to establish a rational order for the 

 sea in which the resources would be developed for all mankind is a new 

 concept of international relations. It can well command your attention. 



Thank you. 



Mr. Fascell. Thank you, Mr. Eichelberger. I appreciate your sum- 

 marizing so eloquently and succinctly the principles you would like 

 to see embodied in the resolution ; also for outlining for the record the 

 five basic principles, as you see them, which should form the basis for 

 a discussion of this entire problem. 



I am going to address a question to you which perhaps can be an- 

 swered by the other witnesses, too, when they get an opportunity. 



It is : Haven't we already made a decision in this area ? Doesn't the 

 Convention on the Continental Shelf represent such a decision ? Isn't 

 the action in the North Sea by coastal states a decision in international 

 law ? Would not the declaration of principles which you have outlined 

 fly in the face of actions already taken ? 



Mr. Eichelberger. Mr. Chairman, the gentlemen on either side of 

 me will be able to speak on that subject. I know that Mr. Danzig, who 

 succeeded in getting a very important resolution on this subject 

 through the World Peace Through Law Conference in Geneva, is pre- 

 pared to discuss President Truman's step in outlining the continental 

 shelf and the problem of the continental shelf. 



Mr. Christy has prepared a map which, I think, will show the con- 

 fusion that could result if sovereign claims were carried out to the mid- 

 point of the ocean. I have not seen his statement, but I would hope 



Mr. Fascell. Since we are short of time, let us hear from the other 

 witnesses in turn, and then we will interrogate. 



Mr. Danziff. 



