116 



periodically from 1938 until the present ; instructor in geology at University of 

 Washington, 1949-40 ; instructor in mineralogy at Princeton, 1941 ; visiting pro- 

 fessor at Northwestern University 1952-53 ; professor at University of Minnesota, 

 1960-64 ; appointed Chief Geologist of U.S. Geological Survey in November 1965. 

 Author of numerous papers relating to studies of iron ore deposits of Lake Su- 

 perior ; studies of iron and other deposits of the Northern Rockies. Member of 

 National Academy of Sciences since 1962 ; Council of Geological Society of 

 America 1956-60 ; Council of Society of Economic Geologists, 1958-60 ; Council 

 of Mineralogical Society, 1962-66 ; and President of Peninsula Geological So- 

 ciety in 1959. 



"WiLLARD BASCOM 



President of Ocean Science and Engineering, Inc. Born 1916 in New York City. 

 Attended Colorado School of Mines. After working as a miner and engineer 

 be began his study of beaches as a research-engineer for the Waves Project at 

 the University of California, first at Berkeley and then Scripps Institution of 

 Oceanography. In 1953 he sailed as chief scientist on Oceanographic expedition 

 "Capricorn" through the tropical Pacific. Next joined staff of National Academy 

 of Sciences, organizing committees on amphibious operations, civil defense, 

 meteorology, oceanography, and maritime research. Served as a .special consult- 

 ant to the Rockefeller Brothers Special Study Group ; as a member of Project 

 Nobska, which conceived the POLARIS missile ; and as a U.S. delegate to the 

 International Geophysical Year conferences on oceanography and atmospheric 

 radioactivity ; as science consultant to the CBS "Conquest" TV series ; as a mem- 

 ber of the Atomic Energy Commission "Plowshare Committee" and AAAS Com- 

 mittee on Public Understanding of Science ; and as UN-designated delegate to 

 the International Geophysical Congress in Moscow, 1966. He is perhaps best 

 known for his work in organizing the MOHOLE Project for the National 

 Academy of Sciences. Author of A Hole hi the Bottom of the Sea and numerous 

 articles, pamphlets and books including "Shoreline Atlas of the Pacific Coast of 

 the U.S."; "Experimental Drilling in Deep Water", and "Design of a Deep 

 Ocean Drilling Ship". Lecturer here and in Europe on oceanography. Subject 

 of LIFE Magazine story of September 30, 1966 entitled, "Trailbreaker of the 

 Deeps." 



Mr. Fascell. We want to welcome both of you gentlemen, and to 

 thank yon for ao^reeing to meet with our subcommittee on what was a 

 rather short notice. 



The witnesses before us this morning are not here to take positions, 

 as individuals or as representatives of their respective organizations, 

 on the resolutions before us. 



They are here simply to enlarge our knowledge of the resources 

 that are the subject of the resolutions — the minerals which rest on the 

 ocean floor. They are here to tell us what those resources are, how man 

 can get at them, and what are some of the possible developments in 

 the technology of extracting those resources. 



In accordance with our usual procedure, we will ask each of the 

 witnesses to make a brief opening statement — of approximately 10 

 minutes' duration — after which the subcommittee will have an oppor- 

 tunity to question the witnesses. 



We had hoped to see a film on this interesting subject if our meeting 

 ended early enough. However, late last evening we were advised that 

 the executive branch wants to share some information with the sub- 

 committee in executive session. We will therefore postpone seeing the 

 film, try to end the open hearing by 11 :30 at the latest, and then go 

 into an executive session. 



At this point, we will call on Dr. James who will brief us in connec- 

 tion with the mineral wealth in and on the bottom of the sea. Mr. 

 Bascom will then fill us in on the technology of exploring for, and 

 exploiting, those resources. 



Doctor James. 



