4.0. Undersea Technology 
Developments in undersea technology traditionally have resulted 
from: 
1. Navy operational requirements. 
2. Industrial attempts to create new business opportunities in 
and under the ocean. 
3. Government-supported developmental efforts aimed at pro- 
viding a higher level of services to ocean-based users.? 
This division reflects the apportioning of responsibilities into: 
1. National security. 
2. Commercial exploitation. 
3. Government-provided service. 
This division of responsibility has proven successful in the past, and 
it will be a good pattern for the future. Accordingly, our appraisal 
of technology assumes a continuing role of present participants (see 
sec. 10.2.) 
The following survey and appraisal of future opportunities is lim- 
ited to undersea operations in the nonmilitary sector. The Navy’s 
problems and roles are discussed in section 5, while problems in food 
production from the sea are considered in section 2. For purposes of 
this discussion, we consider “technology” to be the proven, existing 
capability whether or not the hardware is commercially available. 
Our review of the status of undersea technology, as well as this 
Panel’s overall recommendations, was greatly aided by results of a 
conference held September 20-23, 1965, involving Government and 
industry under the auspices of the Ocean Science and Technology Ad- 
visory Committee of the National Security Industrial Association. 
The conference was held at the request of the PSAC Panel on Oceanog- 
raphy and the Chairman of ICO. The conference report, together 
with a list of attendees, is given in appendix III. 
+The intense and continuing government-industry interest in undersea tech- 
nology is indicated by a few representative references: ‘Proceedings, Govern- 
ment-Industry Oceanographic Instrumentation Symposium,” ICO, 1961; “Ocean 
Engineering,” 6 vols. R. D. Terry, editor, published by North American Aviation 
in response to request from Chairman of ICO, 1964; ‘Buoy Technology,” trans- 
eript of Marine Technology Society Symposium, 1964. 
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