The Navy should have broad responsibilities in furthering ocean 
science and technology in addition to its problem-oriented research. 
Most of the technology developed for undersea operations within the 
Government will result from the Navy’s efforts. An important need 
is development of a test range equipped with standardized stations 
at which components, systems, concepts, and materials can be critically 
tested. Such a range will be an expensive undertaking, though of 
great value to private industry and university research. We there- 
fore recommend that a supporting role of the Navy should be provision 
of test facilities that are open to scientific and technological com- 
munities. Users would be expected to pay a prorated share of operat- 
ing costs and depreciation, as is the case in other national facilities 
(see secs. 4.7, 5.5). 
The Navy has maintained good relations with the academic oceano- 
graphic community, and, in turn, the community has frequently re- 
sponded to the Navy’s needs in rapid and effective manner. The suc- 
cessful bomb recovery operations off the Spanish coast are a recent, 
dramatic but typical example of this cooperation. Long-term support 
of academic oceanography through the ONR has been fruitful in the 
past, and we recommend that the Navy continue these programs (see 
sec. 5.4). The total Navy commitment to ocean science and technology 
has almost doubled in fiscal year 1965-67, yet Navy support of basic 
research has remained constant. This situation cannot continue if the 
Navy is to make adequate use of new developments in ocean science 
and technology; therefore, the Panel recommends that Navy support 
of basic research in the oceans increase at a rate consonant with the 
total Navy program in ocean science and technology (see sec. 5.4). 
Marine Food Resources. In the civilian sector economic analyses— 
admittedly crude because of lack of adequate data and previous analy- 
ses—suggest that activities related to improved weather prediction and 
the near-shore environment can be justified on economic grounds (see 
sec. 7.2). Nosimilar economic justification for development of marine 
food resources exists; however, the Panel recommends that develop- 
ment of marine food resources be given very high priority for other 
vitally important reasons (see secs. 2.2, 2.4, 11.1). 
A great public health problem is protein deficiency (it is the leading 
cause of death in the period between weaning and 5 years of age in 
certain countries). Proper long-range development of marine food 
resources requires numerous studies in marine biology. The protein- 
deficiency problem is so acute that efforts should be made to bypass the 
requirement for detailed understanding of means to obtain more food 
from the sea. New advances in development of marine food can greatly 
alleviate this problem, and we recommend expansion and improvement 
in technology for developing these resources and Government ap- 
proval for human use of marine protein concentrate (see sec. 2.4). 
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