project is funded at $32.8 million for fiscal year 1967. The Navy thus 
plays a dominant role in the country’s oceanographic programs, with 
very heavy emphasis on the development of undersea technology. 
The Panel has recommended continuation of Navy responsibility in 
this area (see secs. 4.and 5). 
ARPA maintains a small program (about $100,000) of seismicity 
study in the ocean and hydroacoustic seismic wave propagation, in 
support of their program for detecting underground nuclear 
explosions. 
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers supports oceanographic research 
with the intent of improving navigation, flood control, and shore 
restoration and protection. The work is conducted at CERC (Coastal 
Engineering Research Center) and at a few universities and private 
institutions. Total budget of the Corps of Engineers attributed to 
oceanography by ICO is $2.3 million. 
Department of the Interior 
In 1962 Congress authorized the U.S. Geological Survey to extend 
investigations into the ocean. The principal emphasis in the pro- 
gram has been continental-shelf explorations and a very limited 
mapping program has begun. In the past year, the Geological Survey 
has participated extensively in the JOIDES program and has in fact 
been the major Federal operational participant in this program, 
althought the main financial support comes through NSF. For fiscal 
year 1967 the agency listed $0.9 million. 
The Bureau of Mines is authorized to determine the industrial value 
of marine minerals and to develop techniques for sampling and re- 
covery. In recent years the Bureau’s activities and interests in ocean 
resource development have increased, with a proposed fiscal year 1967 
budget of about $200,000, mostly for development of recovery systems, 
although the Bureau has investigations of “representative” problem 
areas underway. 
The Bureau of Commercial Fisheries has, under Federal directive, 
broad responsibilities to conduct investigations on the abundance and 
biological requirements of fish and it also has statutory responsibility 
for management of marine food resources. The bulk of oceanographic 
activities of BCF, about $14.3 million, is classified as research by 
ICO. BCF also conducts limited survey operations and has underway 
a program to develop fisheries technology. 
The Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife limits its activities 
to research on game fish within 20 miles of shore. According to ICO, 
anglers in this area catch about 11 billion pounds of fish annually, but 
other estimates are much lower (see sec. 2.8). At present ICO states 
that BSFW spends $600,000 in research, largely concerned with life 
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