23 



In this connection we should recognize that some uses can only be 

 satisfied within the coastal zone. An obvious example of this is marine 

 transportation. If we are going to have shipping, that has to be 

 accommodated within the coastal zone. Similarly, the preservation 

 of adequate marine habitat to support the fishing industry, shellfishing 

 and the like. 



Another use which can only be satisfied in the coastal zone is 

 certain recreation. Swimming obviously cannot occur elsewhere than 

 on the beaches. 



These comments may seem like platitudes, but in application to 

 specific instances they are intended to suggest that careful planning re- 

 quires us to face up to the fact that some of the alternative uses must 

 be subordinated to give way to the priority of uses that must be 

 satisfied within the coastal zone. 



As an example, and really more than an example, I would refer to 

 residential development. On page 52 of the Stratton Commission re- 

 port, the statement is made as follows, and let me quote : 



"Private housing has exercised and will continue to exercise the 

 greatest demand for shore property; for example, the Boca Ciega 

 Bay area of the west coast of Florida has been completely transformed 

 by housing developments in the past 20 years. But there are other 

 needs that must be met * * *" 



I think that, regarding this problem on a national level, serious 

 consideration must be given to whether we can continue to allow areas 

 which can be seen as needed to meet other needs to be used for 

 residential development. 



The Boca Ciega example is a good one. Last summer I flew over that 

 area by helicopter, and flew over most or many other parts of the 

 Florida coast, and it is positively striking to look down and see the 

 way an entire area is transformed. 



Our technology of earth moving equipment has developed to the 

 point that it is possible for man to transform whole areas, and the 

 rate at which areas can be consumed for residential housing is 

 tremendous. 



Therefore, good planning is going to have to recognize this fact, 

 and perhaps face up to some hard questions as to the extent to 

 which this can be permitted to continue. 



Another jDlea which I would make along the line of competing uses, 

 is that high consideration be given to esthetics. We need to look at this 

 problem not only in terms of critical needs for people, such as housing 

 or food. These things are important, but these things in many cases 

 exist in abundance in the United States, and our concern and our 

 focus must shift also to the quality of life. 



A broader concern should extend to such items as recreation, which 

 in today's world Americans want, and in many cases it is fair to say 

 they need. 



We are beginning to recognize that a strictly economic and com- 

 mercial evaluation of life is leaving something out, and one of the 

 things that is left out, particularly in our urban and metropolitan 

 areas, is the matter of esthetics. 



Accordingly, good planning should take into account the importance 

 of preserving areas which will be esthetically pleasing, not only for the 



