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coast in Federal waters. There are another 24,000 active wells in 

 Louisiana waters, from the 3-mile line to the intercoastal system, which 

 essentially includes the march boundary of the States. Associated with 

 these industrial activities are possibly some 50 or 100,000 miles of 

 pipeline. 



I say this to indicate that there are going to be few States that have 

 this amount of industry in the near future. 



Associated with this industry; has been a multitudinous amountof 

 engineering activity for navigation and just to get the plants and drill- 

 ing operations going. 



Our waters are shallow. You cannot move in a drilling operation 

 without dredging. Practically every drilling operation within the 

 coastal area requires that they be dredged, or at least swept. 



In addition to this, every foot of pipeline, every tank battery, every 

 collecting line, including gas lines, requires considerable dredging. The 

 36-inch line requires a f-foot channel to an 18-foot depth to move the 

 equipment through, and the accompanying dredging tools that go 

 with it. 



If you fly over the coast of Louisiana in a plane, it certainly does not 

 look like it did 20 or 30 years ago. It looks like a network of canals, 

 systems that are all man-made. 



I say this, and yet I am going to tell you in the next moment that 

 as a conservationist, and as a fisheries expert (question mark) , I must 

 point out that our production of fisheries over the last 20 years has not 

 been measurably reduced insofar as we can determine. 



Our production of shrimp in Louisiana has averaged about 60 mil- 

 lion pounds a year. At times we go up beyond that. Our production 

 has been second or third or fourth in the United States throughout this 

 period. 



Now, we have had a tremendous amount of problems in trying to 

 accomplish this. I think that you can learn from our situtaion, be- 

 cause most of our regulations have been hindsight. We have developed 

 them after the fact. 



For example, all of the pipelines in Louisiana are so scattered and 

 mixed up that I don't think anybody can locate them. Some of the old 

 ones have been abandoned. It is true that you can hardly run a transit 

 through some of the areas because there is so much metal. You cannot 

 depend on where your compass is pointing. I think the engineers will 

 agree on this. 



These pipelines could have been put in patterns. It would have cost 

 the industry more, but they could have been laid out in patterns where 

 we would have had less trouble. 



We find now that we have quite a big shellfishing industry in 

 Louisiana, andas a matter of fact, it is the industry that actually sup- 

 ports the marine program, because all the funds are dedicated to 

 marine research and development, and it amounts to more than $1.2 

 million a year in resources dedicated back to the State for this work. 



And there is conflict between the industries. Yet we fijid that the 

 pipelines are getting to be involved Avith these Shell leases, because 

 when you dig up a pipeline, you have trouble. 



This could have been prevented somewhere along the line. 



There was a point made earlier that the States had no jurisdiction 

 beyond 3 miles, but we find ourselves faced with the Federal Govern- 



