114 



Within each major zone, subordinate regions were identified, accord- 

 ing to differences in ecology. 



A final consideration in identifying research requirements for 

 coastal zone management must concern the necessity for extremely 

 close working relationships with the Federal laboratories and coastal 

 zone authorities, and this, too, has been brought out by most of the 

 previous speakers. 



Also recommended by the Commission, and they are being con- 

 sidered for implementation by the administration, are these same 

 tj^pes of laboratories. 



Most of the great universities now involved in marine science and 

 technology have long and well-established histories of working closely 

 with State governments and Federal agency laboratories, as exempli- 

 fied, for instance, at "Woods Hole, at La Jolla, at Seattle, Honolulu, 

 Miami, and Galveston, for instance. 



Accordingly, no problems are foreseen in this direction. In fact, an 

 important thrust of the national sea-grant program has been to encour- 

 age even closer collaboration in this regard, and strengthening of the 

 ties among these several groups, and we believe this to be the way in 

 which our host. Chairman Lennon, and his colleagues designed the 

 sea-grant progTam in the first place. 



Thus far, the program has sponsored coherent area and institutional 

 grants to several universities, which might be closely if not identically 

 described as coastal zone laboratories, including such as the Univer- 

 sity of Washington, the University of Hawaii, Oregon State Uni- 

 versity, Humboldt State College, Texas A. & M. University, Louisi- 

 ana State University, the University of Delaware, the University of 

 Rhode Island, Wisconsin, Michigan, ]Miami, and of course the Virginia 

 Institute of Marine Science. 



There are two ways of interpreting tlie topic to which we have all 

 addressed ourselves; that is, research requirements for coastal zone 

 management, first, in terms of environmental questions to be answered, 

 to which I have already addressed myself, and secondly, in terms of 

 how one gears to answer these questions. 



Programs in the institutions that the sea-grant program sponsors 

 thus far, in answer to both of these, are multidisciplinary. They are 

 applied rather than basic, although not shutting out basic research. 

 They are clearly oriented to the coastal zone, and they clearly reflect 

 cooperation with State and local governments. 



As a for instance, and I would have hoped for somewhat less modesty 

 on the part of Dean Knauss in the first panel, whose sea-grant program 

 at the University of Rhode Island exemplifies much of what the sea- 

 grant program aims to do, the research training and the extension 

 services under his direction center mostly in Narragansett Bay, and, if 

 you are looking for coastal zone problems, you sure don't have to go 

 much farther than Narragansett Bay, but they also apply to most of 

 the New England area. 



They include work in national fisheries, and in aquaculture, in-depth 

 studies of the economics of various uses of Narragansett Bay, includ- 

 ing, I might add, the very difficult problem of assigning value to such 

 things as salt marshes. 



They include also a large extension program, including the^ New 

 England marine resources information program, pollution studies of 



