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conflict — and a San Francisco Bay-Delta Water Quality Control Program. The 

 San Francisco Bay Plan has recently been published, and it is a truly fine docu- 

 ment. Even now the State is working out the methods whereby this plan might 

 be implemented. But San Francisco waited until it was too late — or almost too 

 late. We here still have time— but not much ! 



At the Federal level, Management of the Coastal Zone has popped to the sur- 

 face in Washington circles as the major marine problem with which this country 

 is now faced. Although various agencies, groups, organizations, panels, com- 

 mittees, and individuals have long been preaching the importance of the coastal 

 zone, it took an adroitly worded report to bring the whole effort into proper 

 focus. Public Law 89-454 authorized in 1966 the establishment of a Commission 

 on Marine Science, Engineering and Resources. The President appointed a distin- 

 guished Commission under the Chairmanship of Dr. Julius Stratton, Chairman of 

 the Ford Foundation. Their extremely thoughtful, technically sound, and nation- 

 ally relevant report entitled Our Nation and the Sea was published last January 

 and received wide acclaim. Chapter 3 of the main volume is entitled "Manage- 

 ment of the Coastal Zone" and presents a succinct summary of the more detailed 

 report of the Panel on Management and Development of the Coastal Zone. This 

 latter report, contained in Volume I of the published Panel Reports of the Com- 

 mission, should be read by everyone concerned in any way with the problems of 

 the coastal zone. The response to this report has been broad-based and enthusi- 

 astic. Senators Magnuson of Washington and Hart of Michigan have recently 

 introduced Senate Bill 2802 known as the Coastal Zone Management Act of 

 1969 which would encourage through federal support the establishment of Coastal 

 Zone Authorities at the State level. On the 28th and 29th of this month the 

 House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee is holding a series of panel 

 discussions on the problems of the coastal zone and the need for such Coastal 

 Zone Authorities. So the Federal government is concerned, is involved, and can be 

 looked to for support for locally-generated initiatives. 



Finally, what should we be doing here? Presently we are doing very little. 

 Local conservationists are tooling up to shoot down any attempts to get a new 

 seaport in South Dade County. People are beginning to listen to Dr. Fogarty, 

 Paul Leach, and others who are screaming about our levels of pollution. Florida 

 Power and Light is fighting for some means to cool its Turkey Point generators, 

 and the problems related to land acquisition for the Biscayne National Monu- 

 ment are far from solved. But there is no overall Biscayne Bay Plan, no Bis- 

 cayne Bay Policy Board, and very little concern for Biscayne Bay as a total 

 physical, biological, ecosystem. The one exception here is the University of 

 Miami's Institute of Marine Sciences of its newly-formed School of Marine and 

 Atmospheric Sciences. Operating with funding from the vSea Grant College Pro- 

 gram administered by the National Science Foundation, the Institute of Marine 

 Sciences is preparing for a complete study of Biscayne Bay. 



Therefore, my first recommendation for preventing the total destruction of 

 Biscayne Bay is based on the valid assumption that in order to make truly mean- 

 ingful value judgments on the future use of the bay, we must first understand 

 how the bay works as a complex physical and biological system. To this end, 

 there should be provided every available assistance to the University of Miami 

 in its efforts to understand Biscayne Bay. The study should entail total commu- 

 nity commitment. Local elements involved in any way should plan to work with 

 the LTniversity. This would entail County and City planning Departments and 

 other relevant local government agencies. It would entail the local representa- 

 tives of State agencies, including the Department of Natural Resources, Depart- 

 ment of Air and Water Pollution Control, Department of Community Affairs, 

 the Commission on Marine Science and Technology, and the Board of Trustees 

 of the Internal Improvement Trust Fund. At the Federal level, it would Include 

 the local representatives of the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, 

 Corps of Engineers, Coast Guard, Geological Survey, Bureau of Commercial 

 Fisheries, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, and the Environmental 

 Science Services Administration. But most important would be the many local 

 people with particular involvement in Biscayne Bay. I am thinking of the 

 developers, the conservationists, the sanitary engineers, the marine engineers, 

 the lawyers, the fishermen (both sport and commercial), the boat manufacturers, 

 the shipyard operators, and all the rest The study must be primarily a scientific 

 and technical study with the major amount of work being carried out by the 

 appropriate scientists and technicians. However, to be truly meaningful, the 

 study must be followed by a plan for the effective conservation and development 

 of Biscayne Bay ; and if this plan is to be at all meaningful, it must have the 



