262 OCEANOGRAPHY 1961 — PHASE 3 



submarine warfare, where we require the greatest need for additional 

 knowledge of how the environment affects operations and equipment 

 design. 



In many cases, operational programs requiring considerable addi- 

 tional oceanographic research have evolved from our basic and applied 

 research programs. For example, the Artemis program of submarine 

 surveillance has been a direct result of our oceanographic- acoustic re- 

 search efforts. Similarly ASWEPS, or the antisubmarine warfare 

 environmental prediction system, has grown from the research pro- 

 gram, as has the AUTEC program to establish an underwater sound 

 test range. These examples serve to illustrate how the Navy can keep 

 abreast and make best use of scientific achievements by maintaining 

 intimate relations with the leading scientists in oceanography. 



Along with the Office of Naval Research, many other offices and 

 bureaus of the Navy are concerned with oceanographic research. You 

 have already heard Rear Admiral Stephan, the hydrographer, de- 

 scribe the programs of his office. In addition to these, the Bureau of 

 Ships and the Bureau of Weapons have substantial programs in 

 oceanography. Much of this research is carried out in Navy lab- 

 oratories such as the Navy Electronics Laboratory, San Diego; the 

 Underwater Sound Laboratory, New London ; the Mine Defense Lab- 

 oratory, Panama City ; the Navy Ordnance Test Station, China Lake ; 

 and both the Navy Ordnance Laboratory and David Taylor Model 

 Basin here in Washington. 



The programs at these laboratories are, for the most part, directed 

 at specific Navy problems. However, they are not carried out in a 

 vacuum independent of the research at the civilian institutions. Close 

 liaison has been accomplished through joint programs between the 

 Navy and civilian laboratories. 



Within the Navy, the diverse oceanographic programs of the various 

 offices and bureaus are coordinated by an Oceanographic Policy Board. 

 Membersiiip on this board consists of : Deputy Chief of Naval Opera- 

 tions for Development, Chief of Naval Research, Hydrographer, Chief 

 of the Bureau of Ships for R. & D., and the Chief of the Bureau of 

 Naval Weapons for R.D.T. & E. 



The effectiveness of this policy board has been demonstrably evi- 

 denced by their report, TENOC 1961-1970. This long-range plan 

 containing programs of research, facilities, surveys, shipbuilding, and 

 instrument development clearly outlines a coherent and imaginative 

 program that will benefit the Navy and the Nation. 



Gentlemen, I have briefly described the oceanographic research 

 program of the Navy and its mechanism for coordination. In so 

 doing, I do not wish to leave the impression that everything is pro- 

 ceeding without difficulties. As you know from previous hearings 

 before both the Senate and the House, there are several aspects in- 

 volved in the expansion of effort in oceanography which are particu- 

 larly troublesome. These are the basic materials necessary to cany 

 out the research program; instruments, ships, facilities, and man- 

 power. 



To alleviate the problem of inadequate instrumentation, staff mem- 

 bers from both my office and the Hydrographic Office are drafting, 

 jointly, a workable program for the development and procurement 

 of new oceanographic instruments. Rear Admiral Stephan has de- 

 scribed this program to you. 



