316 OCEANOGRAPHY 1961 — PHASE 3 



The advancement of science and conservation in the field of marine fishes 

 will be needed to keep pace with this demand. The task is so large that there is 

 far more than all of us can do. Duplication of effort vpould be wasteful and 

 we should be seeking every means to cooperate and coordinate our activities, 

 especially in research. 



Our program is conceived to accomplish this. It will focus upon basic, long- 

 term research in an effort to provide new knowledge and better understanding 

 of marine fishes for those who are responsible for the management of this 

 resource. In addition, we believe that the Federal role in this field carries 

 additional responsibilities for defining the national dimensions of this resource 

 and for developing methods to assess it periodically ; to stimulate the recruitment 

 and training of marine fishery biologists ; to assist in the problem of scientific 

 •communication which threatens to inundate us. 



Mr. DiNGELL. Mr. Lennon. 



Mr. Lennon. Mr. Chairman, I am sure you and Mr. Pelly in par- 

 ticular were members of the Subcommittee on Wildlife and Fisheries 

 and share my satisfaction in hearing the emphasis placed on what has 

 developed as a result of what you, Mr. Pelly^ and you, Mr. Dingell, 

 did and your great help to mo in making this program possible. I 

 am happy to know this and envision it as one of the great programs 

 for the reason you mentioned. 



Our great centers of population by the year 2000 will be largely 

 -along the coasts of our country — the gulf, the west, the east, the 

 Great Lakes. It is a great program and is so tied in inexorably to 

 this program of the study of oceanography. On your comment upon 

 Mr. Bauer's query of the former witness to the effect that you cannot 

 disassociate fresh water, particularly tidal waters, from salt waters 

 when so many of our game fish, and others as well, spawn, even some 

 commercial fish spawn to some extent, so I am advised, in estuaries — 

 all species of shad and all species of rockfish, stripers of all species. 

 I think there are others that come in brackish waters such as croakers, 

 what we call popeye mullet, where they spawn nobody seems to know, 

 T)ut they catch them from that size on up in our brackish and even 

 fresh waters of North Carolina. I am glad you gentlemen helped so 

 much on it. 



Mr. Dingell. Mr. Pelly. 



Mr. Pelly. I think it is interesting to get a review on a program 

 you have seen started. I join with you in saying that I am glad to 

 hear from the witness and get a firsthand report. 



Mr. Lennon. I think the red drum is our fish and I think a study 

 ought to be made a little further up the coast than the University of 

 Miami. 



Mr. Paul. I assure you most of the work will be done where the 

 red drum are, and I think this happens to be along the coast of North 

 Carolina. 



Mr. Lennon. Eight significantly, up until 5 or 6 years ago it was 

 not known that blue and white marlin were present in any degree 

 along the North Carolina coast. I never pick up a paper from day to 

 day that I do not see what is being caught off Hatteras and off Nags 

 Head in the marlin contest. The Secretary of Commerce was there 

 a few days ago, as he goes every year, for the marlin contest. I think 

 they had five caught down there 2 or 3 days ago. 



The thing I was concerned about is if you make a study of the 

 movement of our sport fish — ^I know people who come to North Caro- 

 lina and tell me they start fishing, people who can afford it, they start 



