THOMAS] INDIAN LANGUAGES OF MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA 53 
in most cases our best guide, it appears that in this instance he is in 
error. Francisco Belmar, who has made a study of this and other 
related idioms, says the language was spoken in only six pueblos: 
San Andrés Chicahuaxtla, Santo Domingo Chicahuaxtla, San Miguel 
Chicahuaxtla, San José Chicahuaxtla, San Martin Ytunyosa, and 
Copala, pertaining to the districts of Tlaxiaco (Tlajiaco) and Juxtla- 
huaca, which are in Oaxaca. 
Professor Starr (42) says none of the towns mentioned by Orozco y 
Berra are Trike; that three are Chontal, and the fourth (Tenango) 
is perhaps Zapotec, and that the real district of the Trike is situated 
in the high mountains of the districts of Tlaxiaco and Juxtlahuaca, 
perhaps 200 miles in a direct line from Orozco y Berra’s location. 
They form a little island of Trike speech in the midst of the Mixtec 
area. They occupy only five of the towns mentioned by Belmar, 
San Miguel Chicahuaxtla being a Mixtec town. The language spoken 
at Copala differs somewhat from that spoken by the other pueblos, 
though comprehensible to them. 
The area occupied by this tribe is marked on the present map in 
accordance with this evidence. 
CHOCHO 
Orozco y Berra (1: 196) asserts that this language, which is 
related to Mixtec, has received the name Chocho in Oaxaca; Popo- 
loco in Puebla; Tlapaneco in Guerrero; Teco in Michoacan; Pupuluca 
in Guatemala and in ancient Yope. As it is now known that Teco 
is Cuitlateco, a Mexican dialect, and that Pupuluca is given both as a 
Mayan and a Lencan idiom, these must be excluded; Yope also hay- 
ing dropped out of use, may be dismissed from consideration. This 
leaves only Chocho, Popoloco, and Tlapaneco to be considered. 
“Chuchon,” which Brinton adopts in his American Race, is merely a 
variation of the name Chocho. 
Professor Starr (71) assures us that in the district he visited 
there is a clear recognition that the language of the Chocho towns of 
Oaxaca is the same as the Popoloco of Puebla, and he is sustained 
by Orozco y Berra, but both are mistaken so far as the ancient 
Popoloco language is concerned, which was a dialect of Mixe. 
Professor Starr does not express an opinion as to the Tlapaneco. 
Sahagun (671) says the Tlapaneco language is precisely the same 
as those called Tenime, Pinome, Chinquime, Chochontin, in the 
singular Pinotl, Chinquitl, Chochon. This brings Tlapaneco into 
the same relation as that given by Orozco y Berra. The name 
Chocho has therefore been applied to each of the three groups in the 
present map. 
The Chocho group, according to Professor Starr, was situated in the 
district of Coixtlahuaca, This agrees with Orozco y Berra’s map, in 
