62 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [RULL. 44 
- the Chontal through Stoll, he includes the area in the Chol type in 
his maps showing the distribution of the types of ruins. On the other 
hand, Juarros (1, 14) places Palenque in the province of the Tzentals. 
With this evidence only, it is difficult to decide as to either name or 
area, and the author has concluded, therefore, that it is best to follow 
Orozco y Berra’s mapping, which appears to be at least substantially 
correct, retaining the name Chontal temporarily; with the addition of 
the words ‘‘of Tabasco.’”’ Sapper’s archeological types are too 
uncertain to be used as a guide in this respect. 
TzoTziL 
(Synonym: Zotzil) 
As this is one of the well-known languages of the Mayan family, it 
is necessary only to indicate the locality in which it was spoken, and 
the possible synonyms. 
The only question in the latter respect which arises is, whether the 
Quelene are to be considered the same as the Tzotzil, or whether they 
were two groups speaking the same or different dialects. That the 
name Quelene for some time has dropped out of use is evident. 
Herrera (11, dec. 4, 220) says that the province of Chiapas was divided 
among four nations, with different languages—the Chiapaneca, Zoque, 
Zeltale (Tzental), and the Quelenes, omitting any mention of the 
Tzotzil, who certainly resided in Chiapas. The inference from this- 
fact is that by Quelene we are to understand Tzotzil. On the other 
hand, Juarros (1:11, 32) mentions in his list of Mayan and neighbor- 
ing dialects the Tzotzil and the Tzental, but omits the Quelene. 
Orozco y Berra (1:168) thinks that from the Quelene ‘‘result’’ the 
Tzotzil and the Tzental. Doctor Brinton (8:86) omits the Quelene 
from consideration; but Stoll (2:86) says he finds the Tzotzil 
alluded to by the Spanish historians under the name “Quelenes.”’ 
The latter conclusion appears to be the correct one. 
In marking the territory of this tribe Orozco y Berra’s map has been 
followed in the main, which, according to his usual custom, is based on 
the pueblos in which the language was spoken. In addition to the 
work of Remesal and other published works, Orozco y Berra made 
use of a manuscript furnished him by the Bishop of Chiapas. 
TZENTAL 
The territory of the Tzental is given by most authorities as 
included in the present state of Chiapas. Gage (236) says— 
The province called Zeldales [Tzentals] lyeth behind this of the Zoques, from the 
North Sea within the continent, running up towards Chiapa and reaches in some 
parts near to the borders of Comatitlan, northwest. 
