FEWKES] HISTORY 59 
31st day [of October, 1775], Tuesday. Isaid mass, which some heathen Gila Indians 
heard with very quiet behavior. The seflor comandante decided to give his men a 
rest to-day from the long journey of yesterday, and in this way we had an oppor- 
tunity of going to examine the Casa Grande which they call the house of Moc- 
tezuma, situated at 1 league from the River Gila and distant from the place of 
the lagoon [Camani, where they had camped] some 3 leagues to the east-southeast; 
to which we went after mass and returned after midday, accompanied by some 
Indians and by the governor of Vturittic, who on the way told us a history and 
tradition which the Pima of Gila River have preserved from theirancestors concerning 
said Casa Grande, which all reduces itself to fictions mingled confusedly with some 
catholic truths, which I will relate hereafter. I took observations at this place of 
the Casa Grande, marked on the map which I afterward drew, with the letter A, 
and I found it to be without correction in 33° 11’ and with correction in 33° 3¥; 
and thus I say: In the Casa Grande of the River Gila, 31st day of October of 1775, 
meridional altitude of the lower limb of the sun, 42° 25’. We examined with all 
care this edifice and its relics, whose ichnographic plan [fig. 3] is that which here I 
put, and for its better understanding I give the description and explanation which 
follow. The Casa Grande, or Palace of Moctezuma, may have been founded some 
500 years ago, according to the stories and scanty notices that there are of it and 
that the Indians give; because, asit 
appears, the Mexicans founded it 
when in their transmigration the 
devil took them through various 
lands until they arrived at the 
promised land of Mexico, and in 
their sojourns, which were long, 
they formed settlements and built 
edifices. The site on which this 
casa is found is level in all direc- 
tions and distant from Gila River 
about | league, and the ruins of the 
houses which formed the settlement 
extend more than a league to the 
east and to the other points of the 
compass; and all this ground is 
strewn with pieces of jars, pots, 
plates, etc., some plain and others 
painted various colors—white, blue, 
red, etc.—an indication that it 
was a large settlement and of a 
distinct people from the Pima of 
Planta tchnographica dela Casa grande del Rio Gila 
eae the Gila, since these know not how 
Escata de lo passos geometricos dea to make such pottery. We made an 
S. pies. exact inspection of the edifice and 
SUR of its situation and we measured it 
with a lance for the nonce, which 
Fig. 3. Ground plan of Compound A (Font). measurement I reduced atfter- 
ward to geometrical feet, it being 
approximately the following: The casa is an oblong square and laid out perfectly to 
the four cardinal points, east, west, north, and south, and roundabout are some ruins 
which indicate some inclosure or wall which surrounded the house, and other buildings, 
