90 CASA GRANDE ARIZONA [ETH. ANN. 28 
3. ROOMS ON THE WEST WALL 
Between the cluster of rooms occupying the southwest angle of the compound and 
the single “‘bastion” or “‘castle” at the northwest corner, there are several rooms, the 
walls of which appeared when the soil was removed from the inner or east side of the 
west wall. 
The most characteristic of these dependent rooms, G, is separated by a narrow 
court from the northern wall of the southwest cluster. Unfortunately, one corner of 
this room was cut down before its existence was detected, but wherever its four walls 
were revealed they indicated a room of large size. . . . In one corner there 
stood a large vase, too fragile to remove, which was consequently left in the place 
where found. The Casa Grande-Florence stage route formerly crossed the compound 
over the corner of this room directly above this vase. 
On the west side of Casa Grande, or directly between the main building and the 
west wall of the compound, there were excavated several rooms, H, I, and J, the 
walls of which are low and single-storied. One of these rooms, J, is situated on the 
northwest corner of the ruin, and has its west wall continuous with that which forms 
the retaining wall of the north terrace. There are also two rooms on the southwestern 
corner which bear the same relation to the terrace wall of the south side. These two 
are separated by a court . . . and have low walls. There does not seem to 
have been a building directly west of the main ruin and no sign of a terrace now 
remains on that side... . The exact connections of the rooms along the west 
wall, southwest of the main ruin, with those on the southwest corner can be made 
clear only by continuation of the work in the unexcavated part of the compound. 
As shown in the ground plan, ... there are walls standing in that part of the 
compound; there is also a level space called the southwest plaza, situated between the 
wall of the most southerly room at the southwest angle of the main ruin and the 
northern wall of the room on the west wall adjacent to the building in the southwest 
angle. 
4. SIX CEREMONIAL ROOMS 
Linear arrangement of rooms is exceptional in this compound. This row extends 
from the northeast corner of the main building to the north wall of the compound, with 
which the most northern room is united. The line of these rooms is not parallel with 
either the east or west walls of the compound, and their longest measurements vary, 
although the widths of the rooms are about uniform. Although the connection which 
formerly bound these rooms to the main building has been destroyed, there is no doubt 
that such a union once existed and that they were probably united to a solid terrace 
which we must suppose existed on the north, east, and south sides of the main building. 
Before excavations were begun, the roygof ceremonial rooms was indicated only by 
a ridge . . . of earth extending from the northeast corner of the main building 
northward. It is evident that the roof of these rooms was on a level with the floor 
of the lowest rooms of Casa Grande, which communicated with the roofs of these 
ceremonial rooms on the north, east, and south by means of the basal terrace, of which 
mention has been made. In this way one could pass directly into these rooms 
through the doorways in the middle of the sides of the main building. 
The form, size, and general appearance of the walls of these six rooms are shown in 
the accompanying plan (plate 24) [here, pl. 6] and in plate xxx, a and 6 fhere, pls. 
18,19]. All these rooms were excavated to their floors, the soil from them being 
removed beyond the surrounding wall of the compound. Earth was likewise taken 
from the west side, opening the east portion of the northwest plaza, so that the walls 
on that side now average five feet in height. 
a 
