FEWKES] RELATION OF COMPOUNDS TO PUEBLOS 155 
while those of Casa Grande were rectangular.! (Figs. 53,54.) This 
objection at present seems unanswerable, but attention may be drawn 
to the fact that some of the Pima dwellings are rectangular. Objec- 
tion is made also because of the difference in the manner of disposal of 
the dead. Asis well known, the Pima do not burn their dead, whereas 
cremation was a common custom at Casa Grande. Evidence has 
been presented already, showing that the inhabitants of Casa Grande 
sometimes interred their dead as well as burned them and that both 
customs existed side by side in the same compound. 
In traversing the Gila region one finds mounds of earth, reservoirs, . 
and remains of irrigation ditches similar to those above considered. 
Examination of these structures reveals a morphologic resemblance 
which leads us to regard this region as a single culture area. On 
comparison of the architecture of Casa Grande with that typical of 
cave or pueblo constructions the differences seem to be so marked 
that they can not be included in the culture area of which the first- 
named style of architecture is a type. The Pueblo culture area is 
architecturally different. But when Casa Grande is compared with 
buildings farther south, including those in the northern States of 
Mexico, striking resemblances appear. The Gila Valley culture area 
is limited on the north by the plateau region, but extends to an as yet 
undefined border on the south. 
There are similar limitations and extensions in physiographic condi- 
tions. The environment changes as we pass out of the culture area of 
which Casa Grande is a type into the region of Pueblo culture. It is 
not illogical to suppose, therefore, that Casa Grande affords another 
striking example of intimate relationship between human culture and 
environment, under a law intimately connected with a more compre- 
hensive one, namely, the relation of geography and human culture 
history. 
As pointed out by the late Doctor Russell, the Pima have legends 
that they came from the east, but he does not state that all the Pima 
clans have identical legends. Some clans claim that their ancestors 
built Casa Grande; here the legends may refer to those clans living in 
the Gila Valley before the arrival of the eastern contingent mentioned 
by Russell. Like most of the Southwestern tribes, the modern Pima 
show evidences of being a composite tribe and it is not unlikely that 
ancestors of some of the components may have come from one direc- 
tion, others from another. The craniologic differences between the 
builders of the Gila-Salt compounds and the modern Pima may be 
accounted for by this fact. 
1 None of the wattle-walled huts, the floors and decaved posts of which can be so well traced in Com- 
pound B, were circular in form. When the Pima were first visited nearly all their huts were circular. 
Only a few of this type now remain. 
